改良人工渗滤处理稀土开采高氨氮废水研究  

Treatment of High Ammonia NitrogenWastewater from Rare Earth Mining by Improved Constructed Infiltration System

作　　者：谢颖 黄智[1,2] 韦敏 甘媚[1] 包家怡 宿程远 陈孟林[1,2] XIE Ying;HUANG Zhi;WEI Min;GAN Mei;BAO Jiayi;SU Chengyuan;CHEN Menglin(School of Environment and Resources,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541004,China;Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection(Guangxi Normal University),Ministry of Education,Guilin 541004,China;Chinalco Guangxi Nonferrous Rare Earth Development Co.,Ltd,Hezhou 542800,China)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学环境与资源学院,广西桂林541004 [2]珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室(广西师范大学),广西桂林541004 [3]贺州稀有稀土矿业有限公司,广西贺州542800

出　　处：《水处理技术》2021年第9期97-102,共6页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51768009);广西自然科学基金项目(2017GXNSFAA198277);广西师范大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201810602289);桂林科技项目(2016012503)。

摘　　要：以改良人工快速渗滤系统进行离子型稀土开采产生的模拟硫酸铵废水处理研究。结果表明,在水力负荷为0.2 m^(3)/(m^(2)·d)时,短柱和长柱的NH_(4)^(+)-N去除率分别为20.35%和76.84%,TN去除率分别为11.14%和72.71%,提高滤层高度和水力负荷可明显增强硝化和反硝化作用。系统下层微生物多样性优于上层;门水平优势菌种主要有Proteobacteria变形菌门和Planctomycetes浮霉菌门;属水平下存在Pseudomonas假单胞菌属、Bacillus芽孢杆菌属等好氧反硝化细菌。应用该技术的实际工程中,2级联用渗滤池NH_(4)^(+)-N、TN的总去除率分别为98.23%、79.48%,出水NH_(4)^(+)-N的质量浓度为2.48 mg/L左右,系统上部以好氧反硝化为主,下部以厌氧反硝化为主。An improved artificial rapid filtration system was used to treat simulated ammonium sulfate wastewater generated from ionic rare earth mining.The results showed that,when the hydraulic load was 0.2 m^(3)/(m^(2)·d),the ammonia nitrogen removal rates of the short column and the long column were 20.35%and 76.84%,and the total nitrogen removal rates were 11.14%and 72.71%,respectively.The nitrification and denitrification could be significantly enhanced by increasing the filter height and hydraulic load.The microbial diversity of the lower layers of the system was better than that of the upper layers.The dominant bacteria species at the phylum level were Proteobacteria and Planctomycetes,at the genus level were Pseudomonas,Bacillus and other aerobic denitrifying bacteria.In the actual project using this technology,the total removal rates of NH_(4)^(+)-N and TN in the 2-stage percolation tank were 98.23% and 79.48%,respectively,and the mass concentration of NH_(4)^(+)-N in the effluent was about 2.48 mg/L.The upper part of the system was dominated by aerobic denitrification,and the lower part was dominated by anaerobic denitrification.

关 键 词：离子型稀土开采废水 改良人工快速渗滤系统 高氨氮废水 滤层高度 微生物群落 

分 类 号：X753[环境科学与工程—环境工程]