论行政诉讼合法性审查原则的完善——以“明显不当”为视角  

On the Improvement of the Principle of Legality Review of Administrative Litigation——from the Perspective of Obvious Misconduct

作　　者：陈子君 CHEN Zi-jun(Law School,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing,100088)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学法学院,北京100088

出　　处：《山西大同大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第4期6-11,共6页Journal of Shanxi Datong University(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：2014年修改的《行政诉讼法》在第70条增加"明显不当"作为"滥用职权"之外对行政裁量行为合法性审查的依据,第6条仍坚持合法性审查的诉讼原则。修法后的合法性审查原则包括形式合法性和实质合法性审查两个阶段。《行政诉讼法》第70条前四项是基于合法性审查要素,即事实认定、程序合法、法律适用和职权法定所作的划分,属于第一阶段的形式合法性审查,而"滥用职权"和"明显不当"是对行政裁量行为内部界限的审查,是第二阶段的实质合法性审查标准。两者的区别在于审查要素,前者适用于事实认定、法律适用、程序裁量与处理决定中裁量的滥用,而后者适用于法定职权这一要素,并回归至是否具有主观过错的判断。The Administrative Procedure Law amended in 2014, adds "obvious misconduct" at Article 70 as the basis for the legality review of administrative discretion behavior besides the "abuse of power", and Article 6 still adheres to the litigation principle of legality review. The principle of legality review after the revision includes two stages of formal legality and substantive legality review. The first four items of Article 70 of the Administrative Procedure Law are based on the elements of legality review, namely the division of fact determination, legal procedures, the application of law and the law of functions and powers, which belong to the first stage of the formal legality review. "Abuse of power" and "obvious misconduct" is the review of the internal boundaries of administrative discretion behavior, and is the standard of substantive legality review of the second stage. The differences lie in the reviewing element, the former applies to finding of fact, application of law, procedural discretion and abuse of discretion in disposition decisions, while the latter applies to the element of statutory authority and returns to the judgment of whether there is subjective fault.

关 键 词：合法性审查 明显不当 行政裁量 实质合法性 

分 类 号：D922.11[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]