世卫组织流感病毒获取及惠益共享框架的完善探讨  

Discussion on the improvement of WHO influenza virus access andbenefit sharing framework

作　　者：王振谦 WANG Zhenqian(School of International Law,East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 200042,China)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学国际法学院,上海200042

出　　处：《南京医科大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第4期313-320,共8页Journal of Nanjing Medical University（Social Sciences）

摘　　要：《共享流感病毒以及获得疫苗和其他利益的大流行性流感防范框架》旨在促进世界卫生组织(简称世卫组织)成员国间对流感病毒毒株的获取与流感病毒惠益的共享。当前框架的运行存在以下问题:流感病毒毒株获取延迟、可获取的流感病毒惠益不足、对流感病毒基因序列数据的规制有疏漏、与其他法律文件间存在重叠冲突适用等问题。对此,世卫组织应发挥在全球卫生治理中协调和组织的重要作用,促进发挥其治理流感病毒的实效:一方面,完善框架文件的文本内容,协调世卫组织成员国的国内立法治理;另一方面,加强与其他国际组织的交流合作,以推进框架和《生物多样性公约关于获取遗传资源和公正公平分享其利用所产生惠益的名古屋议定书》的协调适用问题的解决。The Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Framework for Sharing Influenza Viruses and Access to Vaccines and Other Benefits aims to promote the acquisition of influenza virus strains and the sharing of influenza virus benefits among WHO member states.The current operation of the framework has the following problems:delays in obtaining influenza viruses,insufficient benefits of influenza viruses available,loopholes in the regulation of influenza virus gene sequence data,and overlapping conflicting applications with other legal documents.In this regard,in order to propose a more feasible solution,WHO should play an important coordinating and organizing role in global health governance,improve the text content of the framework document,coordinate the legislative governance of WHO member states,and strengthen cooperation with other international organizations to promote the solution of the coordinated application of the framework and the Nagoya Protocol of the Convention on Biological Diversity on Access to Genetic Resources and Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits from their Utilization.

关 键 词：病毒主权 流感病毒毒株获取 流感病毒惠益共享 流感病毒基因序列数据 重叠冲突适用 

分 类 号：R183.3[医药卫生—流行病学]