棉花光敏雄性不育系psm5的培育及其育性转变规律  

Breeding of the photosensitive male sterile line psm5 in cotton and the pattern of fertility transformation

作　　者：苟浩琦 马常凯 张迁 范术丽[1] 马启峰 张朝军[1] Gou Haoqi;Ma Changkai;Zhang Qian;Fan Shuli;Ma Qifeng;Zhang Chaojun(Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology,Anyang,Henan 455000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院棉花研究所/棉花生物学国家重点实验室,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《棉花学报》2021年第4期360-367,共8页Cotton Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0100505)。

摘　　要：【目的】培育棉花新型光敏不育系,获得优良光敏不育系亲本,为棉花育种提供优异亲本材料。【方法】利用psm4与W10进行杂交,然后自交3代,获得与psm4具有相同光敏不育特性的光敏不育系psm5。研究psm5在不同光照条件下的育性及其转变规律。【结果】psm5保留了psm4在日照时间大于12.5 h的条件下花药不开裂、不能正常散粉,而在日照时间小于11.5 h的短日照条件下花药可以正常开裂散粉、正常可育的特性。研究psm5在不同光照条件下的育性及其转变规律。【结论】介绍了光敏雄性核不育新材料psm5的培育过程及其光敏特性,为利用psm5杂交制种提供了可靠的理论基础。psm5和psm4育性转变时期发生在开花前12~15 d。psm5与psm4一样是典型的孢子体光敏雄性不育系。psm5是隐性光敏核不育系,恢复系范围广,利于配制优势杂交组合,在棉花杂交育种中有良好的应用前景。[Objective]The aim of this study is to breed new photosensitive male sterile lines in cotton,and to obtain excellent sterile parents to speed up premium cotton breeding process.[Method]In this paper,the psm4 photosensitive male sterile line was crossed to W10 firstly,and then the hybrid F1 was self-pollinated by 3 generations to produce the psm5,which had the same photosensitive male sterile trait as psm4.[Result]The anther of psm5 could not crack and its pollen could not be released normally when the illumination time was more than 12.5 h,but the anther could crack and the pollen could be released normally when the illumination time was less than 11.5 h.[Conclusion]This paper introduces the breeding process and photosensitive characteristics of psm5,which provides a reliable theoretical basis for the application of psm5 in crossbreeding.The fertility transition period of psm4 and psm5 is in 12~15 days before flowering,and both psm4 and psm5 are typical sporophyte photosensitive male sterile lines.psm5,a recessive photosensitive male sterile line,has a wide range of restorer lines,which is easy to make superior hybrid combinations and has a good application prospect in cotton crossbreeding.

关 键 词：棉花 雄性不育系 光敏感性 育性转变 杂交育种 孢子体 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]