中国心脏康复发展历程、现状及思考  

History,Current Situation and Countermeasure of Cardiac Rehabilitation in China

作　　者：丁荣晶[1] 雷莎 DING Rongjing;LEI Sha(Heart Center,Peking University People's Hospital,Beijing 100044,China;Department of Cardiovascular Diseases,the Third Hospital of Mianyang,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学人民医院心脏中心,北京市100044 [2]四川省绵阳市第三人民医院心血管内科,621000

出　　处：《实用心脑肺血管病杂志》2021年第9期1-5,共5页Practical Journal of Cardiac Cerebral Pneumal and Vascular Disease

摘　　要：心脏康复是心血管疾病治疗的重要组成部分,融合了心脏病学、运动医学、康复学、营养学、心理学、行为医学和预防医学。系统的心脏康复治疗可帮助心血管病患者恢复身体和心理健康,降低心血管病再发和死亡风险。我国心脏康复始于20世纪80年代,经过我国学者的不断努力,心脏康复体系已初步形成,各级心脏康复专业委员会成立,并颁布了多部指导我国心脏康复实践的指南。2017年,全国开展心脏康复的医院数量已达400家,但仍远低于发达国家,目前提高医务人员对心脏康复的认识、培训专业心脏康复人员、获得政府和医院的支持、建立心脏康复转诊系统是促进心脏康复建设和发展的关键。同时,随着科学技术的发展,心脏康复模式已由传统的医院心脏中心康复模式发展为医院心脏康复中心模式、医院-家庭心脏康复模式、家庭心脏康复模式3种模式,且利用互联网和人工智能的心脏康复模式仍在不断探索中,最终将使更多的心血管病患者获益。Cardiac rehabilitation is an important part of treatment for cardiovascular diseases which combines cardiology,sport medicine,rehabilitation medicine,nutriology,psychology,behavioral medicine,and preventive medicine.Systematically cardiac rehabilitation is beneficial to recover physically and mentally,and reduce risks of recurrence and death in patients with cardiovascular diseases.Although cardiac rehabilitation in China began at 1980s,preliminary system now has been developed though constant efforts by domestic scholars.Cardiac rehabilitation committees at all levels have been established and several relative guidelines have been issued to promote the implantation of cardiac rehabilitation.In 2017,the number of hospitals carrying out cardiac rehabilitation in China reached 400,but it is still far less than developed countries.Improving the knowledges of medical personnel,training specialized cardiac rehabilitation personnel,getting supports from the government and hospital,and establishing referral system of cardiac rehabilitation are crucial to construction and development of cardiac rehabilitation.Additionally,with the development of technologies,traditional hospital-centered cardiac rehabilitation model has gradually developed into 3 models,namely hospital-centered cardiac rehabilitation model,hospital guided home-based cardiac rehabilitation model,and home-centered cardiac rehabilitation model.Future cardiac rehabilitation models using internet and artificial intelligence are still exploring in order to benefit more cardiovascular diseases patients,with the help of internet and artificial intelligence.

关 键 词：心脏康复 发展历程 现状 思考 

分 类 号：R541[医药卫生—心血管疾病]