缓释肥对江南油杉容器苗生长的影响  

Effects of slow release fertilizer on growth of Keteleeria fortunei seedlings cultured in container

作　　者：张培[1] 庞圣江[1,2] 刘士玲 杨保国[1] 劳庆祥[1] 段润梅[1] 蔡道雄 谌红辉[1] ZHANG Pei;PANG Shengjiang;LIU Shiling;YANG Baoguo;LAO Qingxiang;DUAN Runmei;CAI Daoxiong;CHEN Honghui(Experimental Center of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry Sciences,Pingxiang,Guangxi 532600,China;Guangxi Youyiguan Forest Ecosystem Research Station,Pingxiang,Guangxi 532600,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心,广西凭祥532600 [2]广西友谊关森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,广西凭祥532600

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第9期92-98,共7页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家林木种质资源共享服务平台项目(2005DKA21003);中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心科学基金项目(RL2015-05)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究缓释肥用量对江南油杉幼苗生长、根系发育以及养分状况的影响,为江南油杉优质苗木繁育提供依据。【方法】以1年生江南油杉容器苗为材料,采用单因素随机区组设计方法,设置7个缓释肥用量处理:即对照(0 kg/m^(3),CK)、M_(1)(1.0 kg/m^(3))、M_(2)(2.0 kg/m^(3))、M_(3)(3.0 kg/m^(3))、M_(4)(4.0 kg/m^(3))、M_(5)(6.0 kg/m^(3))和M 6(9.0 kg/m^(3)),分析各处理江南油杉生长发育指标以及植株N、P、K养分含量。【结果】(1)与对照相比,施用缓释肥的江南油杉地径、苗高显著增加,叶、茎、根及全株生物量明显提高,且均以M_(3)(3.0 kg/m^(3))处理幼苗生长效果最佳。(2)施用缓释肥处理的江南油杉平均根直径、根表面积、根体积以及各根径等级的细根长度增幅明显,均高于对照,且M_(3)处理幼苗根系更为发达。(3)随着缓释肥用量的增加,江南油杉叶、茎、根的N、P和K含量均呈现先增加后下降趋势,M_(3)处理植株N、P和K含量整体较高。(4)江南油杉容器苗生长、生物量与缓释肥用量的二次项方程拟合效果最优,R 2均大于0.950,最佳缓释肥用量为2.75~3.28 kg/m^(3),与M_(3)处理生长最优的实测结果相吻合。【结论】适量缓释肥能促进江南油杉幼苗生长、生物量积累和根系发育,建议缓释肥用量以3.0 kg/m^(3)为宜。【Objective】This study investigated effects of slow-release fertilizers on growth,root development and nutrient contents of Keteleeria fortunei seedlings cultured in container to provide basis for the breeding of K.fortunei seedlings with high quality.【Method】One-year-old container seedlings of K.fortunei were treated with 7 slow-release fertilizer treatments of CK,M_(1),M_(2),M_(3),M_(4),M_(5)and M 6 with dosages of 0,1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,6.0 and 9.0 kg/m^(3),respectively.The growth and development indexes as well as N,P and K contents were then analyzed.【Result】(1)Compared with the control,the growth of height and ground diameter of K.fortunei seedlings was significantly increased by slow-release fertilizer,and the biomass of leaf,stem,root and whole plant of K.fortunei seedlings was increased by slow-release fertilizer.And the seedling growth was best in M_(3)(3.0 kg/m^(3)).(2)The average root diameter,root surface area,root volume,and fine root length of each root diameter grade in slow-release fertilizer treatments were increased significantly with the best root system in M_(3).(3)With the increase of slow-release fertilizer dosage,contents of N,P and K in leaves,stems and roots showed a trend of increasing before decreasing.The M_(3)treatment had the highest values in plants.(4)Quadratic equations were the best in fitting seedling growth,biomass and slow-release fertilizer dosage with R 2 of greater than 0.950.The obtained optimal slow-release fertilizer dosage of 2.75-3.28 kg/m^(3)was consistent with measured results of M_(3)treatment.【Conclusion】Appropriate amount of slow-release fertilizer could promote growth,biomass accumulation and root development of K.fortunei seedlings and the recommended amount was 3.0 kg/m^(3).

关 键 词：江南油杉 容器苗 苗木繁殖 缓释肥 

分 类 号：S723.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]