高校扩招如何影响了人力资本配置?  

How China's College Enrollment Expansion Affect the Allocation of Human Capital?

作　　者：李勇[1] 段诗宁 LI Yong;DUAN Shining(School of Economics and Management,Northwestern University,Xi an 710127,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学经济管理学院,陕西西安710127

出　　处：《南京财经大学学报》2021年第4期54-63,共10页Journal of Nanjing University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“行政垄断下人力资本错配对企业创新效率损失的影响研究”(71704141);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“行政垄断背景下中国人力资本配置扭曲影响自主创新的内生机理研究”(17YJC790084)。

摘　　要：基于全社会受教育水平较低和垄断行业教育过剩并存的人力资本配置错配现象,从供给层面分析高校扩招影响人力资本配置的内生机理,然后对要素错配的计算框架进行扩展,提出一个从企业层面测算人力资本错配的框架。在此基础上,基于1998—2013年中国工业企业数据库的相关数据,并利用双重差分(DID)模型检验高校扩招与人力资本配置之间的关系,结果发现,高校扩招通过降低规模配置效率和技术配置效率加剧人力资本错配。进一步地,三重差分(DDD)检验结果表明,改制可以降低高校扩招对人力资本配置的负面影响。因此,稳步推进国有企业改革,完善公司治理结构,在降低国有企业工资溢价的同时提高创新效率,将有助于提升人力资本配置效率,并最终促进高质量发展。Based on the misallocation of human capital allocation in which whole society s education is low and monopoly industries education surplus coexist,this paper firstly analyzes the endogenous mechanism of the influence of college enrollment expansion on human capital allocation.Secondly,the paper extends calculation framework of factor misallocation,and puts forward a calculation framework for calculating human capital misallocation from the enterprise level.Based on relevant data of China's industrial enterprise database from 1998 to 2013,the relationship between college enrollment expansion and human capital misallocation is examined by using DID model,and the result shows that university enrollment expansion will aggravate human capital misallocation.Further triple difference(DDD)results also show that restructuring of SOE will reduce the negative impact of college enrollment expansion on human capital allocation.Therefore,steadily promoting reform of state-owned enterprises,and improving innovation efficiency while reducing wage premium of state-owned enterprises will help to improve the efficiency of human capital allocation and ultimately promote high-quality development.

关 键 词：高校扩招 国企改制 规模配置效率 技术配置效率 人力资本错配 

分 类 号：F421.3[经济管理—产业经济]