历史图景的过程事件分析  

Event and Process in Historical Analysis

作　　者：严飞[1] YAN Fei

机构地区：[1]清华大学社会学系

出　　处：《社会学评论》2021年第4期120-137,共18页Sociological Review of China

基　　金：教育部人文社科基金规划项目“历史社会学的本土化发展与创新研究”(19YJA 840019)。

摘　　要：历史社会学有两种研究取向,分别是强调社会结构性条件的结构分析和强调历史关键时期行动者能动性的过程事件分析。两种方法各有侧重点,其解释效力适用于不同的历史情境。本文重点考察过程事件分析,以厘清这一研究方法的要素和内核。本文指出,过程事件分析重在关注事件的时间性、事件的濡染和扩散效应、历史情境的风险和模糊性,以及行动者的回应性选择和互动。要深刻理解历史迭变的动力机制,就需甄别关键事件的转捩点,并将深嵌历史风暴眼中的行动者作为主要分析对象。在复杂变动的历史情境下,大众行动者倾向于通过不同方式策略性地回应外部信号的不确定性,以适应不断变化的事件节奏。选择引向行动,行动又塑造出新的身份认同,并外溢出历史发展的非期然性后果。Historical sociology has two main analytical strategies.The structuralists tend to focus primarily on structural explanations and long-term temporality,arguing that historical scenes are shaped by various configurations of pre-given and pre-determined factors.Event analysts,on the other hand,tend to reconceptualize the invariant structural model into a series of constituent processes and examine the dynamic processes.This paper develops a theory of historical dynamics and argues that political ambiguity and contingency are likely to upset static models of mobilization at times of radical instability.Collective actors therefore have to continuously interpret their embedded local political uncertainty and subsequently choose an action that is largely dictated by the course of events.During this dynamic process,new political identities are generated,and new political interests are continually redefined that they sustain quite violent conflicts with greater scales of influence.

关 键 词：历史社会学 社会结构 动态过程 行动者 政治选择 

分 类 号：K06[历史地理—历史学] C91[经济管理]