基质粒径对槽培黄瓜根系、产量及光合特性的影响  

Effects of substrate particle size on the root,yield and photosynthetic characteristics of slot-cultured cucumber

作　　者：宋朝义 季延海[2,4] 刘明池 武占会[2,4] 黄远 王丽萍[1] SONG Chaoyi;JI Yanhai;LIU Mingchi;WU Zhanhui;HUANG Yuan;WANG Liping(College of Landscape and Ecological Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,Hebei,China;Vegetable Research Center of Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China;College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,Hubei,China;Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture of North China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100097,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学园林与生态工程学院,河北邯郸056038 [2]北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究中心,北京100097 [3]华中农业大学园艺林学学院,武汉430070 [4]农业农村部华北都市农业重点实验室,北京100097

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2021年第8期56-61,共6页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFD1001901);北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20180705);国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系北京综合试验站(CARS-23-G-06)。

摘　　要：以黄瓜为试材,珍珠岩为基质,在连栋温室内研究了不同基质粒径配比对黄瓜生长、产量、光合气体交换参数、荧光动力学参数及PSⅡ光能分配情况的影响。结果表明,纯小粒径(小于2 mm)珍珠岩T9处理的物理性质最理想,T9处理黄瓜生长势和根系适应性最好,产量最高。T9处理黄瓜叶片P_(n)、G_(s)和T_(r)均最大,T9处理黄瓜叶片的F_(v)/F_(m)、ΦPSⅡ和q_(P)均比T1处理显著提高,而F_(o)和NPQ比T1处理显著降低,这显著提高了PSⅡ反应中心开放程度和PSⅡ电子传递效率。T9处理叶片吸收的光能向P(光化学反应)的分配占比最大,而T1处理叶片吸收的光能向P的分配占比降低,向E(反应中心耗散能)的分配占比增加。综上所述,在封闭式槽培栽培条件下,以纯小粒径珍珠岩作为栽培基质,黄瓜生长势和根系适应性最好,黄瓜叶片的碳同化效率和光合能力最强,产量最高。Cucumber was used as test material and perlite was used as substrate in this research,the effects of different diameter ratios of substrate particle on the cucumber growth and yield,photosynthetic gas exchange parameters,fluorescence kinetics and t PSⅡlight energy distribution were investigated in the greenhouse.The physical properties of pure small-size perlite T9 were found the best,the growth potential and root adaptability of cucumber T9 were the best,and the yield was the highest.Under the T9 particle substrate treatment,the P_(n),G_(s) and T_(r) of cucumber leaves were all maximized,F_(v)/F_(m),ΦPSⅡand q_(P) were increased significantly,F_(o) and NPQ were dropped significantly,the PSⅡreaction center open degree and PSⅡelectron transfer efficiency were extremely promoted.The leaf absorption of light energy to P allocation proportion of T9 was the largest,while the leaf absorption of light energy to the distribution of P was decreased under T1 treatment,which added to the distribution of E.It was concluded that under the pure small-size perlite culture condition,the growth potential and root adaptability of cucumber were the best,the carbon assimilation efficiency and photosynthetic capacity of cucumber leaves were the strongest,and the yield was the highest.

关 键 词：黄瓜 珍珠岩 粒径 基质栽培 产量 光合特性 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]