气温变化对中国夏季云水量的影响  

The Impact of Temperature Change on China's Summer Cloud Water Content

作　　者：刘菊菊 李天江 卫玮[1] LIU Juju;LI Tianjiang;WEI Wei(Shaanxi Meteorological Observatory,Xi'an 710014,Shaanxi,China;Wuwei Meteorological Bureau,Wuwei 733000,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省气象台,陕西西安710014 [2]武威市气象局,甘肃武威733000

出　　处：《高原气象》2021年第4期747-759,共13页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：气象预报业务关键技术发展专项(YBGJXM(2020)3A)。

摘　　要：利用欧洲中期天气预报中心(ECMWF)提供的1979-2016年ERA-Interim再分析资料分析了中国4个地区夏季大气水循环变量和气温时空特征,并通过相关分析、SVD方法及环流场合成分析进一步揭示了气温变化对云水含量的影响。结果表明:中国夏季云水含量空间分布从东南向西北减少。高原区云水含量与气温正相关,其他地区为显著负相关。西北地区升温使西风带水汽输送减弱和蒙古东部异常反气旋环流维持,北方地区升温使东北至蒙古异常反气旋和东南沿海异常气旋维持,西北太平洋副热带高压(副高)东撤,二者均使200 hPa西风急流减弱,水汽输送和上升运动减弱,云水含量减少。南方地区升温使黄海异常反气旋和南海异常气旋维持,副高东撤,200 hPa西风急流偏北,不利于水汽输送和上升运动,云水含量减少。高原地区升温使西风带南支和高原西部异常气旋加强,副高西伸北抬,高原北侧西风急流和南亚高压增强,促进水汽输送和低层辐合上升,使云液水含量增加。Based on the 1979-2016 ERA-Interim reanalysis data provided by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting(ECMWF),and by using correlation analysis,singular value decomposition(SVD)method and synthesis analysis,the temporal and spatial characteristics of summer atmospheric water cycle variables and temperature,and the impacts of temperature on cloud water content in four regions of China are analyzed.The results show that:The spatial distribution of cloud water content in summer in China decreases from southeast to northwest.There is a positive correlation between cloud water content and temperature in Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,and a significant negative correlation in other areas of China.The warming in the northwest China weakens the water vapor transported by the westerly belt and maintains the anomalous anticyclone in eastern Mongolia.The warming in the north China maintains the anomalous anticyclone in northeast Mongolia and the anomalous cyclone in southeast coastal,and withdraws the Northwest Pacific subtropical high(subtropical high)to the east.The warming in both the northwest and northern China weaken the 200 hPa westerly stream,the water vapor transport and the updraft are weakened,and thus the cloud water content reduced.The warming of the southern China maintains the anomalous anticyclone in the Yellow Sea and the anomalous cyclone in the South China Sea,and making the subtropical high withdraw eastward and the 200 hPa westerly jet move northward,which are not conducive to water vapor transport and updraft,and thus reduce the cloud water content.The warming of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau strengthens the south branch of the westerly jet and the anomalous cyclone in the western part of the plateau,causing the subtropical high extend west-northward and the westerly jet and the South Asian high strengthened.These intensify the water vapor transport and convergence on low level,which further increase the cloud liquid water content in Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.

关 键 词：中国 气温 云水含量 环流合成 

分 类 号：P426[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]