磁轴承过临界同步阻尼技术研究  

Research on synchronous damping around the critical bending speed of magnetic bearings

作　　者：刘亚婷 张剀[1] 徐旸[1] LIU Yating;ZHANG Kai;XU Yang(The Department of Engineering Physics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学工程物理系,北京100084

出　　处：《储能科学与技术》2021年第5期1656-1666,共11页Energy Storage Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB0905500);国家自然科学基金项目(51775292)。

摘　　要：目前磁轴承向更高速更可靠的方向发展,转子转速不得不超过弯曲临界转速,而在临界频率附近由于阻尼不足,磁轴承系统面临着失稳风险。针对磁轴承转子越过一阶临界转速存在的问题,为帮助转子达到更高的稳定转速,提出同步阻尼法为转子提供越临界所需阻尼,并分别利用有限元分析和模态分析建立转子模型,对同步阻尼法的可靠性进行了详细的分析验证,为同步阻尼法的实际应用打下基础。在磁轴承设备上实验表明,同步阻尼法成功帮助转子平稳越过了45000 r/min的一阶弯曲转速,进一步验证了同步阻尼法帮助挠性转子过临界的有效性。Recently,magnetic bearing systems have undergone development to induce higher speed and better reliability in such systems.This has led to the rotor speed exceeding the first-order bending critical speed.However,due to insufficient damping at a critical frequency,magnetic bearing systems face instability risks.In order to adapt the system's performance and stability around the first-order critical speed,this paper proposes a synchronous damping method to provide the damping required for the rotor to cross the critical speed and to support it in reaching a higher yet stable speed.With a rotor modal constructed using the classic finite element method and combining the modal separation method and mass discretization,the suppression of unbalanced vibration around the first order critical speed using the synchronous damping method was verified in detail.This result can serve as a foundation for the practical application of the synchronous damping method.Finally,with the addition of the synchronous damping module in the existing magnetic bearing equipment in a laboratory setting,the rotor steadily transited the first-order bending speed of 45,000 r/min,which verified the effectiveness of the synchronous damping method in supporting the flexible rotor to pass through the critical speed.

关 键 词：磁轴承 不平衡控制 挠性转子 临界转速 同步阻尼 

分 类 号：TH133[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]