论大国地区战略中软实力的运用--以中美东南亚地区战略为例  

The Application of Soft Power in the Regional Strategy of Major Powers-Take China and US’Southeast Asia Strategy as an Example

作　　者：马方方[1] 刘长敏 MA Fangfang;LIU Changmin(Beijing Language and Cultural University,Beijing 100083,China;China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学国际关系学院,北京100083 [2]北京语言大学,北京100083 [3]中国政法大学中国周边安全研究中心,北京100088 [4]中国政法大学国际政治系,北京100088

出　　处：《太平洋学报》2021年第8期1-11,共11页Pacific Journal

基　　金：北京语言大学梧桐创新平台项目“软权力视域下的中美亚太政策走势研究”(18PT03);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：在全球新冠肺炎疫情凸显及各国复合相互依存深入拓展的时代背景下,地区战略谋划和地区战略选择在大国外交战略布局中的地位日益重要。大国地区战略的制定与实施既要考量国家在该地区所扮演的角色,更要考虑如何运用包括政治、军事、经济和文化等硬实力与软实力在内的多重国家力量,与其他国际行为体进行战略博弈,以谋求利益最大化。尤其是软实力所包含的制度认同力、文化与价值观吸引力、经济发展道路影响力,以及军事外交沟通力等要素,在大国地区战略博弈过程中发挥着独特作用。本文以东南亚地区为例,从政治、经济、安全等多层面分析了软实力在中美东南亚战略博弈过程中的运用,并得出结论:平衡中国软实力及中国“整合型”战略的影响力是美国“盟主型”战略的重要指向,且主要体现在以获取实质性利益及制度性权力、认同性权力、同化性权力为目标的战略选择过程之中。In the context of the global COVID⁃19 pandemic and the deepening and expansion of the complex interdependence of countries,regional strategic planning and regional strategic choices are becom⁃ing more and more important in the strategic layout of major powers’diplomacy.The formulation and imple⁃mentation of regional strategies for major powers should not only put the role of the country in the region into consideration,but also ponder how to use hard power and soft power together,including political,military,economic,and cultural forces,and then these major countries could maximize benefits from engaging in strategic games with other international actors.The core elements of soft power include institutional identity,cultural and value attraction,economic development model influence,and military diplomatic communica⁃tion,and these elements play a unique role in the process of regional strategic games among major powers.Taking Southeast Asia as an example,this article systematically analyzes the using of soft power in the stra⁃tegic game between China and the United States in Southeast Asia from the aspects of politics,economy,and security,and draws a conclusion:balancing the influence of China’s soft power and China’s“inte⁃grated”strategy power is the prime choice for American“leadership”strategy,and it is mainly embodied in the strategic selection process with the goal of obtaining substantive benefits and institutional power,identity power,and assimilation power.

关 键 词：软实力 战略博弈 盟主型战略 整合型战略 东南亚地区 

分 类 号：D801[政治法律—政治学]