主动Gurney襟翼提升VAWT动态气动性能的数值研究  

NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF ACTIVE GURNEY FLAPS TO ENHANCE VAWT DYNAMIC AERODYNAMIC PERFORMANCE

作　　者：陈榴[1] 徐俊 张瑞洁 戴韧[1] Chen Liu;Xu Jun;Zhang Ruijie;Dai Ren(School of Energy and Power Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院,上海200093

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2021年第8期361-367,共7页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52006147)。

摘　　要：基于孤立翼尾缘Gurney襟翼增升机理,在垂直轴风力机上安装主动Gurney襟翼,随VAWT叶片旋转方位主动调整襟翼高度,在上风面伸出翼型表面并在下风面缩回翼型内部,增大风力机叶片在上风面的扭矩输出以及垂直轴风力机功率系数。通过二维CFD数值模拟,研究多个叶尖速比工况条件下垂直轴风力机的性能,制定主动Gurney襟翼的控制策略。结果表明,应用主动Gurney襟翼,在全工况范围内VAWT的功率系数得到不同程度的提升。在最大功率系数(λ=1.75)时,主动Gurney襟翼风力机的功率系数提高5.14%。最后,应用POD分析VAWT的尾迹结构,指出5阶以上模态的小尺度脉动结构是能量损耗的主要原因。主动Gurney襟翼可降低高阶模态下的小尺度脉动强度,减少在能量捕捉和转换过程中的流动损失。Based on the lifting mechanism of Gurney flap(GF)applied at isolated airfoil trailing edge,an active GF is installed on straight blades of a vertical axis wind turbine(VAWT). It actively adjusts the flap height with the rotation of VAWT blades. It extendes the blade surface when the blade is in the upstream area and retreats the blades surface in the downstream area to increase VAWT power coefficient. Two-dimensional CFD simulation is carried out to study turbine performance at different tip speed ratios. The control strategy of active GF is proposed. Numerical results reveal that the VAWT power coefficients mounted with active GFs are higher than that of the original VAWT over all tip-speed ratios. The relative increase of power coefficient is 5.14% under the operation condition of maximum power coefficient(λ=1.75). Proper orthogonal decomposition(POD)is used to analyze the coherent vortex structure in the turbine wake. Small turbulent structures over 5 thorder modes is the main reasons of the energy losses. Active GF limits the vortex strength of the5 thorder structures during the blade rotation and reduces the flow losses in the wind energy capture and transition.

关 键 词：垂直轴风力机 流动控制 数值模拟 主动Gurney襟翼 POD分析 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]