基于温度效应的空冷型质子交换膜燃料电池动态建模  

DYNAMIC MODELING OF AIR-COOLED PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELL BASED ON TEMPERATURE EFFECT

作　　者：柯超 甘屹[1] 王胜佳[2] 朱荣杰[2] 陈伟 Ke Chao;Gan Yi;Wang Shengjia;Zhu Rongjie;Chen Wei(School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China;Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources,Shanghai 200245,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学机械工程学院,上海200093 [2]上海空间电源研究所,上海200245

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2021年第8期488-495,共8页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51375314)。

摘　　要：为有效预测燃料电池在不同工况下的动态响应,从输出电压与温度进行考察。首先,通过经验公式和实验数据建立质子交换膜燃料电池电堆输出电压模型,模型中参数使用遗传算法确定。然后,通过燃料电池热平衡方程建立电堆温度模型,模型中热损失方程的空气换热系数使用PID控制器控制并进行数字化仿真。搭建1 kW级带有辅助散热风扇的电堆系统来验证输出电压与温度模型,所获得的输出电压平均误差为0.45 V,输出温度平均误差为0.6℃。结果表明,所提出的输出电压模型与温度模型能有效预测电堆输出电压与温度,其中电堆温度模型可应用于质子交换膜燃料电池低温启动时电堆性能和辅助系统控制的相关研究。In order to effectively predict the dynamic response of fuel cell under different operating conditions,the output voltage and temperature were investigated. Firstly,the output voltage model of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell(PEMFC) stack was established based on empirical formulas and experimental data. The parameters of the model are determined by genetic algorithm. Then,the stack temperature model was established by the fuel cell heat balance equation. The air heat transfer coefficient of the heat loss equation in the model was controlled by PID controller and digitally simulated. A 1 kW stack system with an auxiliary cooling fan was built to verify the output voltage and temperature model. The average error of output voltage is 0.45 V and the average error of output temperature is 0.6℃. The results show that the output voltage model and temperature model can effectively predict the output voltage and temperature of the stack respectively. The stack temperature model can be applied to the research of stack performance and auxiliary system control during low temperature start-up of PEMFC.

关 键 词：质子交换膜燃料电池 温度效应 遗传算法 动态响应 

分 类 号：TM911.48[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]