黔北典型钼矿尾库区优势植物重金属富集特征  

Heavy metal enrichment in dominant plant species growing in the molybdenum mining tailings area in north Guizhou Province

作　　者：程俊伟 蔡深文 黄明琴 CHENG Junwei;CAI Shenwen;HUANG Mingqin(College of Resources and Environment,Zunyi Normal University,Zunyi,563006,China)

机构地区：[1]遵义师范学院资源与环境学院,遵义563006

出　　处：《环境化学》2021年第8期2419-2429,共11页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：贵州省教育厅青年科技人才成长项目(黔教合KY字[2019]116,黔教合KY字[2019]110);贵州省黔北土壤资源与环境特色重点实验室开放基金(黔教合KY字[2017]010号,KLSREQ2018005)资助.

摘　　要：为筛选出适应钼矿区生态修复的先锋植物,测定了黔北毛石镇钼矿区土壤及14种优势植物地上部和根部中Mo、Pb、Cd、Cu、Cr、Mn和Zn含量,并对比分析了优势植物对重金属元素的吸收、富集和转移特征。结果表明,钼矿区周边土壤Mo、Cu、Cd、Zn存在严重污染,单因子污染指数分别为26.71、12.90、2.36和2.87,内梅罗综合污染指数达19.48,远超重度污染水平限值,表现为Mo-Cu-Cd-Zn的复合污染;14种优势植物对Cd的生物富集系数均大于1,含量均超出植物正常范围;野艾蒿(Artemisia lavandulaefolia)、一年蓬(Erigeron annuus)和倒提壶(Cynoglossum amabile)对Cu、Cr、Zn的富集含量最高,Mn在酸模叶蓼(Polygonum lapathifolium)地上部的富集系数值大于1,小蓬草(Conyza Canadensis)和土荆芥(Chenopodium ambrosioides)根部中Mo的富集含量接近超富集临界值,蛇葡萄(Ampelopsis glandulosa)、野艾蒿(A.lavandulaefolia)、毛连菜(Picris hieracioides)和倒提壶(C.amabile)对Mo、Pb、Cd、Cu和Mn的生物转移系数均大于1,体现出在钼矿区潜在的修复应用价值。In order to select the pioneer plants for ecosystem restoration in the molybdenum mining area,concentrations of Mo,Pb,Cd,Cu,Cr,Mn,and Zn in soils and the aboveground parts and root of 14 dominant plant species from the Maoshi molybdenum mining area in north Guizhou were measured,and the bioaccumulation and translocation of heavy metals by different plants were compared and analyzed.The results showed that Mo,Cu,Cd and Zn in soils were extremely contaminated,with the single pollution index of 26.71,12.90,2.36,and 2.87,respectively,and the Nemerow index of 19.48,indicating a heavily contaminated status with a compound pollution of Mo-Cu-Cd-Zn.The bioconcentration factors(BCF)of Cd in 14 dominant plant species were all exceed 1 and the Cd concentrations in these plants were beyond the normal range.Concentrations of Cu,Cr and Zn were highest in Artemisia lavandulaefolia,Erigeron annuus and Cynoglossum amabile.The bioconcentration coefficient of Mn in the aboveground part of Polygonum lapathifolium was larger than 1.Concentration of Mo in roots of Conyza Canadensis and Chenopodium ambrosioides were close to the critical value of hyperaccumulation.The biological transfer factors(BTF)of Mo,Pb,Cd,Cu and Mn for Ampelopsis glandulosa,A.lavandulaefolia,Picris hieracioides and C.amabile were all beyond 1,suggesting their potential application value in the ecosystem restoration of the molybdenum mining area.

关 键 词：钼矿区 重金属 污染评价 富集特征 植物修复 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X173