新疆喀什地区西部潜水水化学特征及演化规律分析  

Analysis of chemical characteristics and evolution of phreatic water in Western Kashgar Prefecture,Xinjiang

作　　者：余东 周金龙[1,2,3] 魏兴 陈劲松[1,2,3] 张杰 艾力哈木•艾克拉木 YU Dong;ZHOU Jinlong;WEI Xing;CHEN Jinsong;ZHANG Jie;Aikelamu•Ailihamu(College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,830052,China;Xinjiang Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering Research Center,Urumqi,830052,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Security and Water Disasters Prevention,Urumqi,830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆水文水资源工程技术研究中心,乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆水利工程安全与水灾害防治重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《环境化学》2021年第8期2493-2504,共12页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41662016);新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划(XJEDU2018Y020);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2019D01B18)资助。

摘　　要：以2014年和2016年的潜水样品采集测试数据(分别为21组和83组)为基础,运用Piper三线图、相关性分析、Gibbs图、离子比值法、矿物饱和指数法及反向地球化学模拟等手段对新疆喀什地区西部潜水水化学特征及演化规律进行研究。结果表明,2014年潜水水化学类型主要以SO_(4)·Cl-Na·Ca·Mg型和SO_(4)·Cl-Na·Mg型水为主;2016年潜水水化学类型主要以SO_(4)·Cl-Na·Mg型和SO_(4)·Cl-Na型水为主。潜水阳离子主要以Na++K+为主,阴离子主要以SO_(4)^(2−)为主。2016年与2014年相比潜水TDS升高较多,研究区潜水劣质水增多。研究区潜水水化学组分主要受岩石溶滤作用和蒸发浓缩作用影响,2016年潜水较2014年蒸发浓缩控制影响增大,Na^(+)、K^(+)、Cl^(-)和SO_(4)^(2−)主要来源于岩盐、芒硝和钠长石的风化溶解,Ca2+和Mg2+主要来源石膏和碳酸岩的风化溶解。PHREEQC模拟表明,2014年和2016年石膏、方解石、白云石和岩盐饱和矿物指数在沿潜水路径流向逐渐增加,潜水水化学组分含量呈递增趋势,矿物溶解沉淀规律为石膏、岩盐和白云石共同溶解,方解石沉淀。Basted on the data from testing phreatic water samples collected in 2014 and 2016(21 groups and 83 groups,respectively),trilinear chart by Piper,correlation analysis,Gibbs plot,ion ratio method,mineral saturation index method and reverse geochemical simulation were used to study the hydrochemical characteristics and evolution pattern of phreatic water in western Kashgar Prefecture,Xinjiang.The results showed that the chemical types of phreatic water in 2014 were mainly SO_(4)·Cl^(-)Na·Ca·Mg and SO_(4)·Cl^(-)Na·Mg water.As in 2016,the chemical types of phreatic water were mainly SO_(4)·Cl-Na·Mg and SO_(4)·Cl-Na type water.The main cations in phreatic water are Na++K+,while the main anion is SO_(4)^(2−).Compared with 2014,the phreatic water TDS increased significantly were and the phreatic water quality decreased in 2016.The dissolution of rocks and evaporation effect were the main controlling factors of the phreatic water in the study areas Evaporation effect had bigger effect on phreatic water in 2016 than in 2014.The main sources of Na^(+),K^(+),Cl^(-)and SO_(4)^(2−) were weathering and dissolution of halite,thenardite and sodium.The main sources of Ca2+and Mg2+were weathering and dissolution of gypsum and carbonate.PHREEQC simulations showed that the gypsum,calcite,dolomite,and rock salt mineral saturation indexes were all gradually increased along the phreatic water path both in 2014 and 2016.The chemical component content of the phreatic water showed an increasing trend.The mineral dissolution and precipitation pattern was that gypsum,rock salt and dolomite dissolved together while calcite precipitates.

关 键 词：新疆喀什地区西部 潜水 水化学特征 水化学演化 PHREEQC 

分 类 号：P641.3[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]