碘甲状腺阻滞导则的介绍  

Introduction of guidelines for iodine thyroid blocking

作　　者：常纯卉 付熙明[1] 陈惠芳[1] 袁龙[1] 侯雨含 何林 雷翠萍[1] CHANG Chunhui;FU Ximing;CHEN Huifang;YUAN Long;HOU Yuhan;HE Lin;LEI Cuiping(National Institute for Radiological Protection,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100088 China;The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,Suzhou 215004 China;China Nuclear Control System Engineering Company,Beijing 102401 China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心辐射防护与核安全医学所,北京100088 [2]苏州大学附属第二医院,江苏苏州215004 [3]中核控制系统工程有限公司,北京102401

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2021年第3期253-257,263,共6页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

摘　　要：在核或辐射事故卫生应急中,碘甲状腺阻滞措施被当作一项紧急防护行动来执行,以防止或减少甲状腺对放射性碘的吸收。尽管世界卫生组织出版的《核事故后碘预防指南》建议在核事故发生后服用碘化钾(KI),大多数国家的指南也建议使用碘化钾,但由于指南大多基于专家的经验、意见和建议,因此缺乏科学依据。本文介绍了世界卫生组织在1989年和1999年出版的碘甲状腺阻滞导则的制订和修订历程,以及2017年出版的碘甲状腺阻滞导则的修订方法和主要建议内容:支持在核事故期间采用碘甲状腺阻滞措施。During a radiological or nuclear emergency,iodine thyroid blocking is an urgent protection action to prevent or reduce the absorption of radioactive iodine by thyroid.Although potassium iodide(KI)administration is recommended by WHO guidelines for iodine prophylaxis following nuclear accidents and is also widely implemented in most national guidelines,the scientific evidence for the guidelines lacks as the guidelines are mostly based on expert opinions and recommendations.This paper introduces the development and revision of WHO guidelines for iodine thyroid blocking published in 1989 and 1999,as well as the revision methods and main recommendations of the guidelines published in 2017,which supports the use of iodine thyroid blocking during a radiological or nuclear emergency.

关 键 词：碘甲状腺阻滞 世界卫生组织 核事故 碘化钾 

分 类 号：TL73[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]