离心机模拟复杂空战动作多轴向加速度耐力训练方法研究  

Study on Approach of Multi-axis Acceleration Tolerance Training during Simulated Complex Aerial Combat Maneuver on Centrifuge

作　　者：李宝辉 耿喜臣 杨明浩 王海霞 杨景惠 王红 卫晓阳 金朝 张立辉 蒋科 李毅峰 王轶 张小雪 徐艳 Li Baohui;Geng Xichen;Yang Minghao;Wang Haixia;Yang Jinghui;Wang Hong;Wei Xiaoyang;Jin Zhao;Zhang Lihui;Jiang Ke;Li Yifeng;Wang Yi;Zhang Xiaoxue;Xu Yan(Air Force Medical Center,Beijing 100142,China)

机构地区：[1]空军特色医学中心,北京100142

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》2021年第4期283-288,共6页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

基　　金：全军后勤科研重点项目(BKJ16J015)。

摘　　要：目的建立贴近实战化训练模式的模拟复杂空战机动(ACM)离心机训练方法。方法调研提炼飞行训练中典型的载荷参数,编制模拟复杂ACM离心机加速度曲线,7G曲线为+4.5 Gz 10 s→+2 Gz 5 s→+7 Gz 10 s→+3 Gz 5 s→-1 Gz 5 s→+4 Gz 5 s→+3 Gz 10 s→-2 Gy/+5 Gz 5 s,8 G曲线为+4.5 Gz 10 s→+2 Gz 5 s→+8 Gz 10 s→+3 Gz 5 s→-0.5 Gz 5 s→+4.5 Gz 5 s→+3 Gz 10 s→-2 Gy/+6 Gz 5 s,9 G曲线为+4.5 Gz 10 s→+2 Gz 5 s→+9 Gz 10 s→+3 Gz 5 s→0 Gz 5 s→+5 Gz 5 s→+3 Gz 10 s→-2 Gy/+7 Gz5 s。受试者为12名健康男性,结合HP动作呼吸方式进行了持续12周的针对腿部、腹部、腰部和颈部肌肉的力量训练。12名受试者采用7 G曲线,在力量训练前和力量训练后进行了离心机训练;力量训练后,10名受试者采用8 G曲线、9名受试者采用9 G曲线,进行了离心机训练,记录分析复杂加速度耐力、疲劳评分等指标的变化。结果力量训练前10名受试者完成了7 G曲线,力量训练后12名均完成了7 G曲线,且疲劳评分显著低于体能训练前(P<0.01);9名受试者完成了8 G曲线;7名受试者完成了9 G曲线;训练时的呼吸疲劳评分9 G与8 G曲线分别显著高于8 G与7 G曲线(P<0.05),腿部疲劳评分没有显著差异。结论建立了离心机模拟复杂ACM训练方法,ACM曲线包含有侧向加速度及推拉动作,兼顾最高载荷并高低搭配,有利于提高飞行员进行长时间复杂空战的能力,具有较高的实际应用价值。Objective To establish a complex simulated aerial combat maneuver(ACM)training method close to the actual combat on centrifuge.Methods Typical acceleration parameters during flight training were investigated and extracted and 3 centrifuge profiles(each named according to their peak G value)simulating complex ACM were preprogrammed.The 7 G profile was+4.5 Gz 10 s→+2 Gz 5 s→+7 Gz 10 s→+3 Gz 5 s→-1 Gz 5 s→+4 Gz 5 s→+3 Gz 10 s→-2 Gy/+5 Gz 5 s,8 G profile was 4.5 Gz 10 s→+2 Gz 5 s→+8 Gz 10 s→+3 Gz 5 s→-0.5 Gz 5 s→+4.5 Gz 5 s→+3 Gz 10 s→-2 Gy/+6 Gz 5 s,and 9 G profile was+4.5 Gz 10 s→+2 Gz 5 s→+9 Gz 10 s→+3 Gz 5 s→0 Gz 5 s→+5 Gz 5 s→+3 Gz 10 s→-2 Gy/+7 Gz 5 s.Twelve healthy males served as the subjects.They accomplished 12-week physical conditioning(PC)to enhance their strength of legs,abdomen,waist and neck muscles,and adopted the breathing manner of HP maneuver during PC.They all carried out the 7 G ACM training before and after PC.After PC,10 took part in 8 G ACM training,and 9 underwent 9 G ACM training.Changes of ACM tolerance and fatigue rating were recorded and analyzed.Results Before PC,10 subjects completed 7 G ACM training,while after PC all 12 subjects went through the training and the fatigue ratings were significantly lower than those of before PC(P<0.01).After PC,9 subjects accomplished the 8 G ACM training and 7 subjects completed 9 G ACM training.The fatigue ratings of breathing of 9 G and 8 G training were significantly higher than those of 8 G and 7 G training respectively(P<0.05),but no difference was found in legs fatigue rating.Conclusion The approach of complex ACM training is established.The complex ACM profiles comprise lateral acceleration and push-pull maneuver,giving consideration to peak and bottom G value.It is beneficial for pilots to promote their performance during long-duration complex ACM,therefore is of great operational significance.

关 键 词：加速度 空战机动 抗荷动作 推拉动作 离心机训练 

分 类 号：R852.21[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]