不同体色鲤的生长、酪氨酸酶活性、黑色素含量及基因表达比较  

Comparison of growth, tyrosinase activity, melanin content, and gene expression between common carps with different pigmentations

作　　者：傅建军[1] 朱文彬[1] 罗文韬 王兰梅[1] 罗明坤 董在杰[1,2] FU Jianjun;ZHU Wenbin;LUO Wentao;WANG Lanmei;LUO Mingkun;DONG Zaijie(Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resource Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuxi 214081,China;Wuxi Fisheries College,Nanjing Agricultural University,Wuxi 214128,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,农业农村部淡水渔业与种质资源利用重点实验室,江苏无锡214081 [2]南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,江苏无锡214128

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2021年第8期939-947,共9页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-45-05);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2020TD37);中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心基本科研业务费项目(2019JBFM03).

摘　　要：‘福瑞鲤2号’鲤(Cyprinus carpio)在繁育过程中会出现橘红色个体,为了探讨鲤体色分化与生长性能的相关性,利用‘福瑞鲤2号’构建具有青灰色和橘红色个体的家系,并对其生长性状、酪氨酸酶活性、黑色素含量、黑色素合成通路(ko04916)及生长激素合成、释放和效应通路(ko04935)相关基因的表达水平进行比较。结果显示,青灰色组3月龄体重、体长、体高和体厚均极显著大于橘红色组(P<0.01),其体长/体高显著大于橘红色组(P<0.05)。青灰色组皮肤中酪氨酸酶活性和黑色素含量均显著高于橘红色组(P<0.05)。与青灰色组相比, dct、mc1r、mitfb、tyr和tyrp1等12个黑色素合成通路(ko04916)基因在橘红色组皮肤中的表达量显著(P<0.05)或极显著降低(P<0.01),且gh、ghr和igf2等6个生长激素合成、释放和效应通路(ko04935)基因在橘红色组肌肉中的表达量也显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)降低。此外,代谢通路内基因呈现共表达模式,代谢通路间共有基因在组织间呈现相似表达趋势。研究表明,鲤体色变异与黑色素合成通路存在密切关系,且不同体色个体表现出生长差异,推测与体色和生长调控通路间存在相同基因有关。Some orange individuals have been found in certain families of the ‘FFRC No. 2’ strain of common carp(Cyprinus carpio) during reproduction. This study aimed to unveil the pigmentation variation and its correlations with growth performance by determining the differences in growth traits, tyrosinase activity, melanin content, and gene expression between gray and orange individuals of ‘FFRC No. 2’ strain common carp. Based on growth trait comparisons after three months, the body weight(BW), standard length(SL), body depth(BD), and body thickness(BT) in the gray group were higher than those in the orange group(P<0.01), and the SL/BD ratio in the gray group was higher than that in the orange group(P<0.05). The tyrosinase activity and melanin content were significantly higher in the gray group than in the orange group(P<0.05). Compared to the gray group, 12 genes(dct, frizzed, kita, mc1 r, mitfb, pka, pkc, raf, ras, tyr, tyrp1, and wnt3) of the melanogenesis pathway(ko04916) were down-regulated in the skin of the orange group(P<0.05, or P<0.01), whereas six genes(gh, ghr, igf2, pkc, raf, and ras) of the growth hormone synthesis, secretion and action pathway(ko04935) were synchronously down-regulated in the muscle of the orange group(P<0.05, or P<0.01). Furthermore, the co-expression patterns of genes were detected within pathways, and the shared genes of pathways showed similar expression patterns in different tissues. The results indicated that the pigmentation variation of C. carpio was highly associated with the melanogenesis pathway, and different growths were presented in C. carpio with different pigmentations. This correlation might be due to the same genes being shared between pathways related to color and growth.

关 键 词：鲤 体色 生长 酪氨酸酶 黑色素 基因表达 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]