吸收液对中空纤维膜接触器回收尿液中氨氮的影响  

Effect of stripping solution on the recovery of ammonium nitrogen from human urine by hollow fiber membrane contactor

作　　者：张俊慧 杨丹丹 谢梦飞 封莉 张立秋[1,2] 余昊翔 曲丹[1,2] ZHANG Junhui;YANG Dandan;XIE Mengfei;FENG Li;ZHANG Liqiu;YU Haoxiang;QU Dan(Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083;HKY Technology Co.,LTD.,Beijing 100076)

机构地区：[1]北京市水体污染源控制技术重点实验室,北京100083 [2]北京林业大学环境科学与工程学院,北京100083 [3]北京华科仪科技股份有限公司,北京100076

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2021年第8期3243-3250,共8页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.51878049);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(No.2017ZX07102-002)。

摘　　要：采用中空纤维膜接触器(Hollow Fiber Membrane Contactor,HFMC)回收尿液中的氨氮,系统研究了吸收液类型(H_(3)PO_(4)、H_(2)SO_(4)和HNO_(3))对氨回收效能、水蒸气的跨膜通量和所获液体肥料的影响.结果表明,使用H_(2)SO_(4)作为吸收液时氨氮回收效能最优,其次是H_(3)PO_(4)和HNO_(3).当采用H_(2)SO_(4)为吸收液时,氨氮回收率、氨跨膜通量和传质系数分别为84.49%±0.01%、22.92 g·m^(-2)·h^(-1)和2.37×10-6 m·s^(-1).HNO_(3)的挥发性使其从吸收液侧反向跨膜至料液侧,导致氨跨膜传质驱动力变小;此外,NH3和HNO_(3)会在膜孔中反应并生成NH_(4)NO_(3)气溶胶,增加氨在膜孔中的传质阻力,导致氨氮的回收效能降低.对采用不同吸收液时膜两侧的水的活度差和理论水通量进行了计算,结果表明,随着氨氮的不断跨膜吸收,膜两侧的活度差和水通量逐渐增大,实验结束时水通量分别为7.44×10^(-2)kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1)(H_(3)PO_(4))、9.06×10^(-2)kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1)(H_(2)SO_(4))和2.00×10^(-2)kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1)(HNO_(3)).肥料组分分析表明,以H_(2)SO_(4)和HNO_(3)为吸收液可以获得仅含N素的单一液体肥料,以H_(3)PO_(4)作吸收液可获得N-P复合肥,(NH_(4))_(2)HPO_(4)和NH_(4)H_(2)PO_(4)所占的比例分别为88.33%和11.67%.A hollow fiber membrane contactor(HFMC)was used to recover ammonium nitrogen from human urine.The effect of stripping solution on the ammonia recovery efficiency,water vapor transmembrane flux and the obtained liquid fertilizer quality were investigated.The results showed that the best performance of ammonia capture was obtained when using H_(2)SO_(4)as the stripping solution,followed by H_(3)PO_(4)and HNO_(3).The ammonia recovery efficiency,transmembrane flux and mass transfer coefficient were 84.49%±0.01%,22.92 g·m^(-2)·h^(-1)and 2.37×10-6 m·s^(-1),respectively,when using H_(2)SO_(4)as the stripping solution.The reverse mass transfer from the stripping solution side to the feed solution side was observed due to the volatility of HNO_(3)with reduced transmembrane driving force of ammonia transfer.In addition,NH_(4)NO_(3)aerosol could be generated by HNO_(3)and NH3 reactions in the membrane pores,increasing the mass transfer resistance and decreasing the ammonium nitrogen capture efficiency.The water activity difference and water vapor transmembrane flux were calculated for different acids as stripping solutions.The results showed that the water activity difference and transmembrane flux gradually increased as ammonia was continuously captured by the stripping solutions with the water fluxes of H_(3)PO_(4),H_(2)SO_(4)and HNO_(3)of 7.44×10^(-2)kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1),9.06×10^(-2)kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1)and 2.00×10^(-2)kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1),respectively at the end of experiments.Liquid single N fertilizer was directly obtained using HNO_(3)or H_(2)SO_(4)as stripping solutions,while liquid N-P fertilizer was obtained using H_(3)PO_(4)as the stripping solution with the proportions of(NH_(4))_(2)HPO_(4)and NH_(4)H_(2)PO_(4)were 88.33%and 11.67%,respectively.

关 键 词：中空纤维膜接触器 氨氮回收 吸收液 尿液 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]