石墨烯:化学与结构功能化  

Graphene: chemical and structural functionalization

作　　者：王蓉 朱长军[1] 李蕾 田娟 李连碧[1] 张国青[1] WANG Rong;ZHU Changjun;Li Lei;TIAN Juan;LI Lianbi;ZHANG Guoqing(School of Science,Xi'an Polytechnic University,Xi'an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学理学院,西安710048

出　　处：《功能材料》2021年第8期8081-8087,共7页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFB2200500);国家自然科学基金资助项目(11975176,61904146);陕西省重点研发计划资助项目(2020KW-011);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(2021JQ-658,2019JM-139);西安市科技计划资助项目(2020KJRC0026)。

摘　　要：石墨烯是由单原子层二维单晶结构构成的一种新型纳米材料,具备光学、力学等优异性能,但其疏水性和生物不相容性限制了其在诸多领域的应用。为解决这一问题,石墨烯功能化成为近年来的研究热点。功能化石墨烯包括石墨烯的衍生物氧化石墨烯、石墨烯聚合物复合材料、转角石墨烯、石墨烯气凝胶、超韧性石墨烯等,主要是在石墨烯材料基础上,通过物理化学处理、结构改进对材料本身进行改性,使其功能化。功能化石墨烯具有优良的光电性能,包括高灵敏度、高响应度、高探测度等,可用于工业检测和监控、三维形貌测量、生物医学等邻域。重点讨论了功能化石墨烯的性质、制备方法,介绍了石墨烯功能化的最新进展。同时,对目前功能化石墨烯所面临的挑战和机遇做了展望。Graphene is a nanomaterial composed of two-dimensional mono-crystalline structure with a single atomic layer.It has excellent properties in optics and mechanics,however its hydrophobicity and biological incompatibility limit its applications.In order to solve this problem,the functionalization of graphene has become a research hotspot in recent years.Functionalized graphene,including graphene oxide,graphene polymer composites,angular graphene,graphene aerogels and super tough graphene,is modified by physicochemical treatment and structure improvement to make the graphene functional.Functionalized graphene has excellent photoelectric properties,including high sensitivity,high responsiveness and high detection degree,etc.It can be used for industrial detection and monitoring,three-dimensional morphology measurement,biomedicine and other neighborhood.In this paper,the properties and preparation methods of functionalized graphene are discussed,the latest progress of functionalized graphene is introduced,and its applications in different devices and its excellent properties are described.Meanwhile,the challenges faced by functional graphene are summarized and prospected.

关 键 词：石墨烯 化学功能化 结构功能化 

分 类 号：TB430[一般工业技术]