如何在世贸组织规则下选择有效的国内农业保护政策?  

How to Choose an Effective Domestic Agricultural Protection Policy Under the Rules of WTO?

作　　者：兰迪·施内普 王宇(译)[2] Randy Schnepf;Wang Yu

机构地区：[1]不详 [2]中国人民银行研究局

出　　处：《金融发展研究》2021年第8期28-31,共4页Journal Of Financial Development Research

摘　　要：美国是国际农产品市场的主要生产者和消费者,美国农业政策对国际市场具有重要影响。农业保护政策是美国农业法案的一个重要组成部分,作为世界贸易组织成员方,美国农业保护政策要符合世界贸易组织出台的《农业协定》《补贴与反补贴措施协定》和《关于争端解决规则与程序的谅解》等关于农业保护政策的基本规定。其中,《农业协定》根据农业补贴政策对市场的扭曲程度由轻到重依次分为绿箱、蓝箱、黄箱、红箱政策。绿箱、蓝箱政策不受规则限制,黄箱政策受到严格的总支出限制,红箱政策被禁止。截至2017年,美国黄箱政策方面补贴没有超过总支出限额,符合对世界贸易组织的承诺。The United States is a major producer and consumer of the international agricultural product market,and its agricultural policy has an important impact on the international market.Agricultural protection policies are an important part of the U.S.Farm Act.As a member state of WTO,U.S.agricultural protection policies must comply with the basic regulations on agricultural protection policies of the Agreement on Agriculture,Subsidies and Countervailing Measures and Understanding on Rules and Procedures Covering the Settlement of Disputes issued by WTO.Among them,the Agreement on Agriculture is divided into green box,blue box,yellow box,and red box policies in order of the degree of distortion of the market by agricultural subsidy policies,from light to heavy.Green box and blue box policies are not restricted by rules,while yellow box policies are subject to strict total expenditure restrictions,and red box policies are prohibited.As of 2017,the US yellow box policy subsidies have not exceeded the total expenditure limit,which is in line with the commitment to WTO.

关 键 词：世界贸易组织 农业保护政策 规则 《农业协定》 

分 类 号：F830[经济管理—金融学]