基于语料库的“名词+量度反义形容词”构式研究  

A Corpus-Based Study of the Construction"Noun+Quantitative Antonymous Adjectives"

作　　者：吴淑琼 WU Shu-qiong(Center for Linguistic,Literary&Cultural Studies,Sichuan International Studies University,Chongqing,400031)

机构地区：[1]四川外国语大学外国语文研究中心,重庆400030

出　　处：《新疆大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第5期136-142,共7页Journal of Xinjiang University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“类型学视野下的英汉反义关系认知研究”(18XYY003)。

摘　　要：文章基于语料库考察了“名词+量度反义形容词”构式的构件成分和构式意义。研究发现:该构式是一个主观游移量构式,表示以名词为参照点在反义词所指量级上浮动的游移量;基于BCC语料库的统计分析表明,该构式中出现频率最高的量度反义形容词是“大小”,后面依次是“粗细”“长短”“厚薄”和“宽窄”;构式中的名词具有感知上的完整性、心理上的可及性、功能上的无指性和属性上的相似性等特征。通过对“名词+量度反义形容词”构式与“名词+形容词”表量构式的对比分析,发现两个构式均可表示估量,但在形成机制、句法表现和主观性上存在较大差异。This paper,a corpus-based study of the components and meaning of the construction"N+quantitative antonymous adj",found that this construction is a subjective floating quantitative construction,indicating an approximate quantity on the scale which the antonymous adjectives denote with the noun acting as the reference point.Based on data from the BCC corpus,the statistic analysis demonstrated that the most frequently used antonymous adjectives in this construction are daxiao'big-small',followed by cuxi'thick-thin',changduan'long-short',houbao'thick-thin'and kuanzhai'wide-narrow'.The nouns in the construction have the following features in common:wholeness in perception,accessibility in mind,non-referentiality in function and similarity in property.By comparing this construction with the quantitative construction'N+adj',the paper concluded that both constructions indicate approximation,but they differ in generating mechanism,syntactic profiles and subjectivity.

关 键 词：“名词+量度反义形容词”构式 主观游移量 主观性 认知参照点 

分 类 号：H04[语言文字—语言学]