人破伤风免疫球蛋白在破伤风预防中的应用  

Application of human tetanus immunoglobulin in the prevention of tetanus

作　　者：胡俊 雷军 杨远旺 HU Jun;LEI Jun;YANG Yuanwang(Emergency Department,the Second People's Hospital of Huadu District of Guangzhou City,Guangdong,Guangzhou 510850,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市花都区第二人民医院急诊科,广东广州510850

出　　处：《中国医药科学》2021年第16期181-183,共3页China Medicine And Pharmacy

基　　金：广东省广州市花都区科技计划项目(19-HDWS-097)。

摘　　要：目的探索人破伤风免疫球蛋白(HTIG)预防破伤风的应用效果。方法选取花都区第二人民医院急诊外科门诊及留观病房于2019年5月至2020年11月收治的破伤风暴露患者120例,随机分为两组,治疗组(n=60)直接注射人破伤风免疫球蛋白,对照组(n=60)破伤风抗毒素皮试阳性患者给予脱敏后注射破伤风抗毒素注射液。两组均给予一次注射。对比两组治疗前及治疗1个月后的白细胞、中性粒细胞、谷丙转氨酶、血尿素氮水平。对比两组在治疗1个月后皮疹发生率及感染破伤风病例数量。结果治疗前,两组在白细胞水平、中性粒细胞水平、谷丙转氨酶水平、血尿素氮水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗1个月后,两组在白细胞水平、中性粒细胞水平、谷丙转氨酶水平、血尿素氮水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组在治疗时皮疹发生率的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组均未发生感染破伤风病例,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论人破伤风免疫球蛋白较破伤风抗毒素注射液对机体血清因子、肝肾指标的影响均较少,可以减少皮疹发生率,减少破伤风感染,降低安全隐患。Objective To explore the effect of human tetanus immunoglobulin(HTIG)in the prevention of tetanus.Methods A total of 120 tetanus-exposed patients who were admitted to the emergency surgery clinic and observation ward of the Second People's Hospital of Huadu District from May 2019 to November 2020 were selected and randomly divided into two groups.The treatment group(n=60)was directly injected with human tetanus immunoglobulin,while the control group(n=60)was injected with tetanus antitoxin injection after desensitization for patients with positive tetanus antitoxin skin test,each group with one injection.The level of white blood cells,the level of neutrophils,the level of alanine aminotransferase and the level of blood urea nitrogen before treatment and one month after treatment were compared between the two groups.The incidence of rash and cases of tetanus infection were compared between the two groups after 1 month of treatment.Results Before treatment,there were no statistically significant differences in the level of white blood cells,the level of neutrophils,the level of alanine aminotransferase and the level of blood urea nitrogen between the two groups(P>0.05);after 1 month of treatment,there were no significant differences in the above indexes between the two groups(P>0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of rash between the two groups during treatment(P>0.05),and there was no statistically significant difference(P>0.05)in the two groups since no case of tetanus infection occurred in each group.Conclusion Compared with tetanus antitoxin injection,human tetanus immunoglobulin has less effect on the body's serum factors and liver and kidney indexes.It can reduce the incidence of skin rash,the t etanus infection,and the potential safety hazards.

关 键 词：人破伤风免疫球蛋白 破伤风抗毒素 破伤风 预防 

分 类 号：R633.1[医药卫生—外科学]