“U-T-S”协同指导的刻意练习:促进教师专业发展的方法  

Deliberate Practice of“U-T-S”Collaborative Guidance:A Way to Promote Teachers’Professional Development

作　　者：胡胜利[1] 黎晓娜[2] HU Sheng-li;LI Xiao-na(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Longdong University, Qingyang 745000, Gansu;College of Education, Longdong University, Qingyang 745000, Gansu)

机构地区：[1]陇东学院化学化工学院,甘肃庆阳745000 [2]陇东学院教育学院,甘肃庆阳745000

出　　处：《陇东学院学报》2021年第4期130-134,共5页Journal of Longdong University

基　　金：2018年甘肃省哲学社会科学规划项目(YB110)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：刻意练习是导师设计活动方案,通过重复和连续精细的个性化培训来改善个体成绩或成就的实践训练过程,其核心本质是长时工作记忆参与,确立明确目标,导师给予有效反馈,个性化条件下有意识的重复练习。刻意练习的积累效应被认为是专业技能知识发展的关键机制因素。“U-T-S”协同指导的刻意练习是指由高校教师教育者、教研机构教研员和名优中学教师组成的导师组,协同指导促进中学青年教师专业发展的实践训练过程。这种刻意练习是一个明确目标、设计与展示、反馈评价的不断迭代,直到理想目标和现实表现之间取得适当平衡的过程,应遵循“U-T-S”协同指导、持续努力无需即刻回报、“小步子”的序列练习、重复练习、任务难度适中、及时反馈等原则。Deliberate practice is a practical training process in which tutors design activity plans and improve individual performance or achievement through repeated and continuous fine personalized training.Its core essence is long-term working memory participation,clear goals,effective feedback from tutors and conscious repetitive practice under personalized conditions.The effect of deliberate practice is the key mechanism factor of professional skill development.The deliberate practice of"U-T-S"collaborative guidance refers to the deliberate practice of promoting the professional development of young middle school teachers under the guidance of a tutor group composed of university teacher educators,teaching and research institutions and famous middle school teachers.It is a process of clear goal,design and display,feedback and evaluationtill a balance is achieved.It should follow the principles of"U-T-S"collaborative guidance,continuous efforts without immediate return,"small steps"sequential practice,repeated practice,moderate task difficulty,timely feedback.

关 键 词：刻意练习 青年教师 技能发展 U-T-S 教研共同体 

分 类 号：G443[哲学宗教—心理学]