日粮营养水平对妊娠母牛血清指标、繁殖性能的影响  

Effect of dietary nutrition level on serum indexes and reproductive performance of pregnant cows

作　　者：侯鹏霞 王建东 于洋 梁小军 HOU Peng-xia;WANG Jian-dong;YU Yang;LIANG Xiao-jun

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院动物科学研究所,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《饲料研究》2021年第14期1-4,共4页Feed Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(项目编号:2018YFD0501803);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(项目编号:CARS-37);宁夏农林科学院十三五重大专项(项目编号:YES-16-02)。

摘　　要：试验研究日粮营养水平对妊娠母牛血清指标、繁殖性能的影响。选择健康、体重约500 kg、妊娠3个月的安格斯母牛27头,随机分为3组,每组9个重复,每个重复1头牛。试验组奶牛分别饲喂高营养水平、中营养水平和低营养水平日粮。试验从母牛妊娠90 d开始,产犊后结束。结果显示,试验2组母牛平均日增重最高,料重比最低。试验2组母牛血清总蛋白(TP)含量显著高于试验1组(P<0.05),极显著高于试验3组(P<0.01);尿素氮(BUN)、血糖(GLU)含量随着日粮营养水平降低呈降低趋势;试验2组谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性最低,试验2组AST活性极显著低于试验1组(P<0.01),显著低于试验3组(P<0.05);各试验组雌二醇(E2)、促黄体素(LH)、黄体酮(P)、促卵泡激素(FSH)含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验1组犊牛初生重显著高于试验3组(P<0.05);与试验3组相比,试验1组、试验2组的母牛产后发情天数约缩短1 w(P<0.01)。研究表明,中等营养水平日粮组母牛TP含量较高,ALT、AST活性最低,产后发情天数缩短1 w,为安格斯母牛妊娠后期较理想营养水平。The experiment studied the effect of dietary nutrition level on serum indexes and reproductive performance of pregnant cows.27 healthy Angus cows weighing about 500 kg pregnant for three months were randomly divided into three groups,with nine replicates in each group and one cow in each replicates.The cows in test groups were fed with high,medium and low nutrition diets,respectively.The experiment started from the 90th day of gestation of the cow,and ended after calving.The results showed that the average daily gain of test group 2 was the highest,and the feed-to-weight ratio was low.The serum TP content in test group 2 was significantly higher than that in test group 1(P<0.05),and extremely higher than that in test group 3(P<0.01).The content of BUN and GLU decreased with the decrease of dietary nutrition level.The activity of ALT and AST was the lowest in test group 2,and the AST activity in test group 2 was extremely lower than that of test group 1(P<0.01),and significantly lower than that of test group 3(P<0.05).There were no significant difference in hormone E2,LH,P and FSH among the test groups.The calf birth weight in test group 1 was significantly higher than that of test group 3(P<0.05).Compared with test group 3,the number of postpartum estrus days of cows in test group 1 and test group 2 was about 1 w shorter(P<0.01).The experiment indicates that the middle nutrition level group had higher TP content,the lowest activity of ALT and AST,and the postpartum estrus days were shortened by 1 w,which was the ideal nutrition level for Angus cows in the late pregnancy.

关 键 词：营养水平 母牛 妊娠期 血清指标 繁殖性能 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]