2015-2017年广州市生活污水肠道病毒监测  

Surveillance for enteroviruses in Guangzhou sewage from 2015 to 2017

作　　者：李彩霞 郑焕英[1] 祝双利[2] 郭雪[1] 曾汉日[1] 方苓[1] 李晖[1] 张勇[2] 邓小玲[1] Li Caixia;Zheng Huanying;Zhu Shuangli;Guo Xue;Zeng Hanri;Fang Ling;Li Hui;Zhang Yong;DengXiaoling(Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,Guangzhou 511430,Guangdong China;Institution for Viral Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省疾病预防控制中心/广东新发突发传染病防治工作站,广东广州511430 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所,北京102206

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2021年第4期382-386,共5页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81660280);广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(A2018230)。

摘　　要：目的了解广州市生活污水肠道病毒(Enterovirus,EV)型别。方法2015-2017年每月采集广州市某污水处理厂生活污水样本,采用阴离子膜吸附-超声波振荡法对样本进行病毒富集,接种于RD、L20B和HEp-2细胞进行EV分离,通过RT-PCR和VP1编码区核苷酸序列测定进行型别鉴定,分析脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)病毒(Poliovirus,PV)和非脊灰肠道病毒(Non-polio enterovirus,NPEV)分离阳性率和型别构成。结果在144份生活污水样本中,PV和NPEV分离阳性率分别为69.44%(100份)和79.86%(115份)。共分离到233株PV疫苗相关株,其中PV1、PV2和PV3血清型分别占20.60%(48株)、12.45%(29株)和66.95%(156株);发现3株PV1和1株PV3脊灰疫苗高变异株以及1株II型疫苗衍生脊灰病毒(Vaccine-derived poliovirus,VDPV);2015年、2016年和2017年PV2疫苗相关株分别为25株、4株和0株。共分离到339株NPEV,其中埃可病毒(Echovirus,E)、柯萨奇病毒B组(Coxsackievirus group B,CVB)、柯萨奇病毒A组(Coxsackievirus group A,CVA)、未分型毒株分别占59.59%、34.22%、0.29%、5.90%;E、CVB和CVA分别鉴定出10种、5种和1种基因型,优势基因型为E6(85株)、E11(65株)和CVB3(55株)。结论2015-2017年广州市生活污水EV检出率较高,PV2疫苗相关株显著减少。仍需持续开展外环境EV监测以评估脊灰或NPEV相关疾病的风险。Objective To determine the types of human enteroviruses(EV)isolated from sewage in Guangzhou city.Methods We collected sewage samples from a sewage processing plant in Guangzhou during 2015-2017.We enriched the samples by the anionic membrane adsorption-ultrasonic vibration method and isolated EVs with RD,L20 B,and HEp-2 cell cultures.We identified EV types by RT-PCR and nucleotide sequencing of the VP1 region to determine isolation rates and proportions of types of polioviruses(PV)and non-polio enteroviruses(NPEV).Results Among 144 sewage samples,69.44%(100 samples)were positive for PVs and 79.86%(115 samples)were positive for NPEVs.A total of 233 vaccine-related PV strains were isolated,among which PV1,PV2,and PV3 serotypes accounted for 20.60%(48 strains),12.45%(29 strains),and 66.95%(156 strains),including three PV1 and one PV3 highly-variant strains of polio vaccine as well as one PV2 vaccine-derived poliovirus(VDPV)strain.For vaccine-related PV2 s,25,4,and zero strains were isolated in 2015,2016,and 2017.A total of 339 NPEV strains were isolated,among which echovirus(E),Coxsackievirus group B(CVB),Coxsackievirus group A(CVA),and unclassified strains accounted for 59.59%,34.22%,0.29%,and 5.90%.E,CVB,and CVA had 10,5,and 1 genotypes,respectively,with dominant genotypes being E6(85 strains),E11(65 strains),and CVB3(55 strains).Conclusions The EV isolation rate was high in Guangzhou sewage.Vaccine-related PV2 strains decreased significantly between 2015 and 2017.We should continuously monitor environmental sewage to assess risk of poliomyelitis and NPEV-related diseases.

关 键 词：肠道病毒 脊髓灰质炎病毒 非脊髓灰质炎肠道病毒 生活污水 监测 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]