大型中试厌氧膜生物反应器处理城市污水的稳定运行与物料平衡分析  

OPERATION PERFORMANCE AND MASS BALANCE OF A LARGE PILOT-SCALE ANAEROBIC MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR(AnMBR)FOR MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT

作　　者：孔哲 吴江 荣超 王添颉 李璐 黄勇[1] 李玉友 KONG Zhe;WU Jiang;RONG Chao;WANG Tian-jie;LI Lu;HUANG Yong;LI Yu-you(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou 215009,China;Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,Graduate School of Engineering,Tohoku University,Sendai 980-8579,Japan;Graduate School of Environmental Studies,Tohoku University,Sendai 980-8579,Japan)

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏苏州215009 [2]日本东北大学工学研究科环境保全工学研究室,日本宫城县仙台市980-8579 [3]日本东北大学环境研究科,日本宫城县仙台市980-8579

出　　处：《环境工程》2021年第7期94-100,共7页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：日本环境省国家项目委托研究(J190000898)。

摘　　要：为推进节能减排低碳化社会的进程,验证了利用厌氧消化新技术处理城市污水的可行性,在日本仙台市搭建并成功运行了目前世界上最大的中试浸没型一体式厌氧膜生物反应器,实现了在25℃左右的常温条件下对实际城市污水的高效厌氧处理。该中试反应器从2019年5月运行至2020年1月,历时217 d,最短水力停留时间缩短至6 h,COD去除率高达90%以上,BOD5去除率为95%。1 m^(3)城市污水中可回收沼气0.09~0.10 m^(3),每处理1 g COD可回收沼气约0.25 L,沼气中甲烷平均含量可达到75%。每处理1g COD中有0.19~0.26 g转化为污泥,污泥产率小于传统好氧活性污泥法。研究采用的微滤膜可实现最大膜通量为17.75 L/(m^(2)·h),稳定运行最大跨膜压量可达到23.5 kPa。该中试工程的成功运行再次验证了厌氧消化技术与膜分离技术结合在低浓度城市污水处理中的可能性与实用性,实现了节能减排与生物质能源利用,是一项可持续性发展的革新工艺。研究在大型中试规模实现了厌氧膜生物反应器的长期稳定运行,也为后续污水处理研究提供了基本运行参数和工程可靠性基础。The operation performance and mass balance of a large pilot-scale anaerobic membrane bioreactor(AnMBR)in treating real municipal wastewater was investigated,by using a demonstration plant in Sendai,Japan,at a temperature of 25℃under the control of an automatic system.This plant with 5.0 m^(3)effective volume was the largest one-stage submerged AnMBR that has ever applied to the treatment of municipal wastewater.During the long-term operation of 217 days,this AnMBR system realized a low hydraulic retention time(HRT)of 6 h,obtaining excellent effluent quality with the COD removal efficiency over 90%and BOD5 removal rate over 95%.Biogas was successfully recovered from municipal wastewater with a biogas production of 0.5 L/g removed COD and 0.09~0.10 L/L raw wastewater,and the methane content in the biogas was over 75%.The sludge yield of the AnMBR was approximately 0.19~0.26 g MLSS/g COD.The suspended solid(SS)contained in the municipal wastewater was completely removed by the AnMBR,while the SS conversion efficiency was 34%~43%.The COD and nitrogen mass balance were also identified based on the experimental results.Under the operation mode of 4 min for permeating and 1 min for relaxing with a biogas sparging flow rate of 0.9 m^(3)/min,the hollow-fiber membrane module with a total area of 72 m^(2)was able to realize a max flux of 17.75 L/(m^(2)·h),and the highest mean transmembrane pressure(TMP)was 23.5 kPa.An online backwash chemical cleaning system helped reduce the TMP timely.However,the TMP increased rapidly during the HRT of 6 h and a weekly online backwash was necessary.This is the first report of successful operation and detail performance of a large scale AnMBR applied in the treatment of real municipal wastewater at an HRT of 6 hours.

关 键 词：厌氧消化 厌氧膜生物反应器 城市污水 运行效果 物料平衡 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]