RNA化学修饰m^(6)A在植物中的研究进展  

RNA chemical modification of mA in plants

作　　者：刘华玥 田丹阳 宋璟 王慧[1] 张蕴薇[1] Huayue Liu;Danyang Tian;Jing Song;Hui Wang;Yunwei Zhang(College of Grassland Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院,北京100193

出　　处：《科学通报》2021年第23期2958-2970,共13页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31672478,32071870)资助。

摘　　要：N^(6)-甲基腺嘌呤(N^(6)-methyladenosine,m^(6)A)是真核生物mRNA中丰度最高的甲基化修饰形式.m^(6)A修饰是由m^(6)A甲基转移酶复合物催化形成,并由去甲基化酶脱去甲基修饰,而m^(6)A修饰的生物学功能则是由结合蛋白进行调控.随着m^(6)A检测和测序技术的发展,多种m^(6)A修饰相关蛋白在植物中鉴定出来,其调控的生物学功能越来越受到人们的关注.本文针对植物m^(6)A修饰相关调控蛋白及其功能、m^(6)A修饰位置分布及基序特征和m^(6)A调控的分子机制综述研究进展,展望m^(6)A在植物中的研究重点和方向.N^(6)-methyladenosine(m^(6)A) is the most prevalent methylation modification form of eukaryotic messenger RNAs(mRNA).In plants, m^(6)A participates in a variety of biological processes by affecting mRNA alternative polyadenylation, stability,and translation. In existing research, the absence of some methyltransferase complexes, such as methyltransferase A(MTA), methyltransferase B(MTB), FKBP12 interacting protein(FIP37), and virilizer(VIR), in plants causes embryonic lethality. Lowering gene expression levels of different methyltransferase components will cause severely hindered growth and development, such as growth retardation, over-proliferation of shoot apical meristem, aberrant gravity response,abnormal vascular tissue development, etc. Loss of demethylase Alk B homolog 10 B(ALKBH10 B) increases m^(6)A modification levels of FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT), SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 3(SPL3),and SPL9, lowering their stability, which leads to delayed flowering. The absence of Alk B homolog 9 B(ALKBH9 B) can increase the genomic m^(6)A modification level of the alfalfa mosaic virus(AMV), weakening its infection capacity to plants.RNA binding proteins are mainly proteins with the YTH-domain. The evolutionarily conserved c-terminal region(ECT)represents main RNA binding proteins in plants. ECT2, ECT3, and ECT4, three kinds of ECTs, affect trichome branch numbers, precise leaf formation timing, and leaf morphology. Furthermore, the longer isoform of CLEAVAGE AND POLYADENYLATION SPECIFICITY FACTOR 30(CPSF30-L) which has mRNA binding function influences processes of polyadenylation site selection and phase separation. In addition to these features, these binding proteins are quite likely to be involved in plant response processes to adversity stress. Through the comprehensive analysis of existing studies, we considered that m^(6)A is mainly enriched in the 3′ untranslated regions(3′UTR) region nearby the stop codon of plant mRNAs. As for the m^(6)A modification enriched in the 5′ untranslated regions(5′UT

关 键 词：N^(6)-甲基腺嘌呤 RNA修饰 MRNA稳定性 植物 

分 类 号：Q943.2[生物学—植物学]