铁道车轮踏面损伤实时监测方法研究综述  

Research on Real-Time Monitoring Methods for Railroad Wheel Tread Defects:A Review

作　　者：肖乾 姜雄峰 刘海涛 谢锋云 周生通 Xiao Qian;Jiang Xiongfeng;Liu Haitao;Xie Fengyun;Zhou Shengtong(Key Laboratory of vehicles and Equipment of the Ministry of Education,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学载运工具与装备教育部重点实验室,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《华东交通大学学报》2021年第4期99-112,126,共15页Journal of East China Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51975210)。

摘　　要：简要介绍列车车轮踏面损伤实时监测方法研究现状、特点及应用情况。列车车轮踏面损伤检测方式有静态检测和动态检测两种。其中,动态检测法可实现列车车轮的健康状态监测,根据传感器安装位置的不同可将动态检测方法分为轨旁式和车载式两种。对轨旁式检测法中轮轨力检测法、激光检测法、声发射检测法等方法及车载式检测法中的轴箱振动加速度检测法、光纤传感检测法进行介绍、归纳。分析了各检测方法的原理、研究现状及应用中存在的问题并对车轮损伤实时监测方法在轨道交通领域的应用进行了展望。分析发现,现有的监测方法仍然需要进一步完善,监测精度应得到提高,在未来的研究中需考虑将车轮损伤实时监测方法与智能诊断、大数据及物联网等技术融合,并使之具备故障预警和设备剩余寿命预测的功能,实现智能运维技术在高速铁路服役中的应用。A brief introduction to the current status of research,characteristics and applications of real-time monitoring methods for train wheel tread damage is presented.The train wheel tread defects detection method has two kinds of in-workshop inspection and in-service inspection.Among them,the in-service inspection of good real-time,can provide the technical basis for the realization of real-time monitoring of wheel tread defect.According to the different sensor installation locations,the in-service inspection can be divided into two types of on-board measurement and wayside measurement.The methods of wayside measurement,such as wheel-rail force detection,image detection and acoustic emission detection,as well as axle box vibration and acceleration detection and fiber optic sensing detection are introduced,summarized,and analyzed in terms of their principles,research status and application problems.The results show that the existing monitoring methods still need further improvement,and in future research it is necessary to consider the integration of real-time wheel defect monitoring methods with intelligent diagnosis,big data and Internet of Things technologies,with the function of fault warning and equipment remaining life prediction,to realize the application of intelligent operation and maintenance technology in high-speed railroad construction.

关 键 词：铁道车轮 实时监测 车轮损伤 检测技术 

分 类 号：U270.12[机械工程—车辆工程]