寒旱区氮磷钾元素缺乏对小白菜生长的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium Deficiency on Growth of Cabbage

作　　者：李石恒 王毅 卜令豪 LI Shi-heng;WANG Yi;BU Ling-hao(College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010018)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学园艺与植物保护学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2021年第17期136-139,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：[目的]揭示内蒙古寒旱区氮磷钾元素缺乏对小白菜生长发育的影响。[方法]利用无土基质栽培,测定完全营养液及缺氮、缺磷、缺钾营养液处理下小白菜叶片数、叶长、叶宽、鲜重、干重、叶面积、根长、根冠比等形态指标。[结果]缺氮、缺磷、缺钾元素抑制小白菜叶片数、叶长、叶宽、鲜重、干重、叶面积的增加,缺磷抑制小白菜根长、根冠比的增加。叶片数:CK>缺磷=缺钾>缺氮,叶长:CK>缺钾>缺氮=缺磷,叶宽:CK>缺钾>缺磷>缺氮,叶面积:CK>钾>氮>磷,鲜重:CK>缺磷=缺钾>缺氮,干重:CK>缺钾>缺磷>缺氮。[结论]氮磷钾元素能够促进小白菜的生长发育,提高了小白菜的根长、叶长、叶宽、叶面积、重量等,小白菜对氮磷钾元素的敏感性强,敏感程度为氮>磷>钾。[Objective]To reveal the effect of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium deficiency on the growth and development of pakchoi.[Method]The leaf number,leaf length,leaf width,fresh weight,dry weight,leaf area,root length and root-to-crown ratio of pakchoi treated with complete nutrient solution and nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium deficient nutrient solution were measured.[Result]Nitrogen deficiency,phosphorus deficiency and potassium deficiency inhibited the increase of leaf number,leaf length,leaf width,fresh weight,dry weight and leaf area,while phosphorus deficiency inhibited the increase of root length and root-crown ratio.Leaf number:CK>phosphorus deficiency=potassium deficiency>nitrogen deficiency,leaf length:CK>potassium deficiency>nitrogen deficiency,leaf width:CK>potassium deficiency,phosphorus deficiency,leaf area:CK>potassium,nitrogen>phosphorus,fresh weight:CK>phosphorus deficiency,dry weight:CK>potassium deficiency>phosphorus deficiency.[Conclusion]Nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium could promote the growth and development of pakchoi,and increase the root length,leaf length,leaf width,leaf area and weight of pakchoi.The sensitivity of pakchoi to nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium was nitrogen>phosphorus>potassium.

关 键 词：氮磷钾肥 小白菜 营养液 基质栽培 

分 类 号：S634.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]