豫西南砂姜黑土夏玉米高产高效轻简化集成施肥技术研究  

Research on Integrated Fertilization Technology for High Yield, High Efficiency of Summer Corn Plantation on Lime Concrete Black Soil in South-western Henan Province

作　　者：房培渊 陈英侠[2] 张有成[2] FANG Pei-yuan;CHEN Ying-xia;ZHANG You-cheng(Dengzhou Plant Protection and Inspection Station,Dengzhou,Henan 474150;Dengzhou Agricultural Technology Promotion Center,Dengzhou,Henan 474150)

机构地区：[1]河南省邓州市植保植检站,河南邓州474150 [2]河南省邓州市农业技术推广中心,河南邓州474150

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2021年第17期151-154,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省玉米技术体系建设基金项目。

摘　　要：为构建新形势下河南省夏玉米高产高效轻简化施肥技术体系,积极践行“藏粮于技、藏粮于地”国家粮食安全战略,自2015年以来,连续多年与河南省玉米技术体系专家团队合作,在邓州市砂姜黑土土壤类型上,开展夏玉米不同种类(有机无机配合、生物与无机配合)、不同配比(不同类型氮肥配比)测土、配方、种肥同播试验、示范。通过试验、示范发现,在玉米基础配方不变的基础上,掺入一定比例的包膜氮肥,肥料利用率和产量均有一定程度的提高。在玉米基础配方中掺入一定比例的包膜氮肥,适当降低总氮量,对玉米产量不会有影响。无机配方肥与有机肥/生物有机肥适当搭配,不仅当季可延长玉米后熟时间,明显提高玉米产量,而且后效作用也十分显著。包膜氮肥引入配方肥生产中,不仅可以起到减肥增效的作用,而且还可以明显简化劳动环节,降低劳动强度,节约生产成本。To build an effective simplified integrated fertilization technology system for higher production of summer corn in Henan Province.Since 2015,this research team(the writer)has closely worked with corn plantation technology experts in Henan Province,and conducted a wide range of experiments and demonstrations on summer corn plantation in lime concrete black soil in Dengzhou,based on different breed of summer corns(organic and inorganic,biological and inorganic),different testing soil with different nitrogenous fertilizer formulas.Those experiments and demonstrations revealed the following findings:first,based on the same basic formula of corn,a certain proportion of coated nitrogen fertilizer addition could both improve the fertilizer utilization efficiency and yield to a certain extent.Second,adding a certain proportion of coated nitrogen fertilizer to the basic formula of corn,and appropriately reducing the total nitrogen amount,had not effect on the yield of corn.Third,a proper collocation of inorganic fertilizers and organic fertilizers or biological fertilizers not only could extend the after-ripening time of corn and increase the yield greatly,but also had a significant after-effect.Fourth,the injection of coated nitrogen fertilizer into formula fertilizer would not only improve the utilization effect,but also significantly simplify working procedures,reduce labor intensity and save production costs.

关 键 词：夏玉米 高产高效 轻简化 集成施肥 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]