母亲是否健在对中国人母亲参照效应的影响  

Whether the Mother was Alive or not Could Influence Chinese Mother’s Reference Effect

作　　者：吴慧芬 王玉花[2,3] 胡晓毅 张辉[5] 陈艳 郭冬梅 张妍[1] WU Hui-fen;WANG Yu-hua;HU XIAO-yi;ZHANG Hui;CHEN Yan;GUO Dong-mei;ZHANG Yan(School of Education,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;School of Education and Psychology,Hubei Engineering University,Xiaogan 432000,China;Centre of Psychology and Behavior,Hubei Engineering University,Xiaogan 432000,China;Capital Construction Management,Hubei Engineering University,Xiaogan 432000,China;School of Economics and Management,Hubei Engineering University,Xiaogan 432000,China;Center of Mental Health,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学教育科学研究院,武汉430074 [2]湖北工程学院教育与心理学院,孝感432000 [3]湖北工程学院心理与行为研究中心,孝感432000 [4]湖北工程学院基建处,孝感432000 [5]湖北工程学院经济与管理学院,孝感432000 [6]三峡大学心理健康中心,宜昌443002

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2021年第4期665-670,共6页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：湖北省社科基金一般项目(2020263);国家自然科学基金(71672053);湖北省教育厅哲学社会科学研究项目(20Q134);湖北工程学院大学生创新创业项目(S202010528040);湖北工程学院教学改革研究项目(2020A010)。

摘　　要：目的:探究母亲是否健在这一变量对中国儿童、青年人以及老年人的母亲参照效应的影响。方法:采用三个2(参照条件:自我参照和母亲参照)×2(母亲状况:健在和离世)的混合实验设计。结果:(1)对于中国4岁儿童,母亲是否健在对其母亲参照效应没有产生影响。(2)对于中国青年人,母亲是否健在对其母亲参照效应也没有产生影响;R判断条件下表现出自我参照效应,K判断条件下表现出母亲参照效应。(3)对于中国老年人,母亲是否健在对其母亲参照效应产生了影响;在R判断条件下母亲健在组出现了母亲参照效应,母亲离世组出现了自我参照效应;在K判断条件下母亲健在组出现了自我参照效应,母亲离世组出现了母亲参照效应。结论:母亲是否健在对中国老年人的自我结构产生了影响,说明中国人的自我具有动态性的特点。Objective: We investigated whether mother was alive could influence Mother’s Reference Effect among Chinese. Methods: We adopted 2(Reference condition: Self-reference processing vs. Mother-reference processing) × 2(Mother-condition: Living vs. Dead) mixed experimental design. Results:(1)For Chinese 4-year-old children, whether their mother was still alive had no effect on their Mother’s Reference Effect.(2)For young Chinese, whether the mother was still alive had no influence on their Mother’s Reference Effect, too. The recognition performance under the condition of R judgment showed Self Reference Effect, and the recognition performance under the condition of K judgment showed Mother’s Reference Effect.(3)For the elderly in China, whether the mother was still alive had an impact on Mother’s Reference Effect. Under the condition of R judgment, the results showed Mother’s Reference Effect in the group of mothers living, and showed Self Reference Effect in the group of mothers dying. Under the condition of K judgment, the Self Reference Effect occurred in the group among which the mother was alive, and Mother’s Reference Effect occurred in the group where the mother died. Conclusion: Whether the mother is alive or not has an impact on the self-structure of the elderly in China,suggesting that the Chinese self is dynamic.

关 键 词：儿童 青年人 老年人 母亲参照效应 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]