装甲防护陶瓷-金属叠层复合材料界面研究进展  

Current Research Status of Interface of Ceramic-Metal Laminated Composite Material for Armor Protection

作　　者：赵宇宏[1] 景舰辉 陈利文[1] 徐芳泓[2] 侯华[1] ZHAO Yuhong;JING Jianhui;CHEN Liwen;XU Fanghong;HOU Hua(School of Materials Science and Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Stainless Steel Materials,Taiyuan Iron and Steel(Group)Co.Ltd.,Taiyuan 030003,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学材料科学与工程学院,太原030051 [2]太原钢铁(集团)有限公司先进不锈钢材料国家重点实验室,太原030003

出　　处：《金属学报》2021年第9期1107-1125,共19页Acta Metallurgica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目Nos.52074246、22008224;国防基础科研重点项目No.JCKY2020408B002;山西省科技重大专项项目No.20181101014。

摘　　要：将陶瓷与金属以一定顺序逐层叠加,可制成叠层结构的复合材料,兼具陶瓷高强度、高硬度、低密度及金属强延展性的特点,从而应用于防弹装甲材料。但叠层材料存在界面结合弱、受冲击时裂纹易在界面处产生,且裂纹尖端应力集中导致界面处材料易脱黏等问题。本文针对陶瓷-金属叠层复合材料的界面结构及结合强度的问题,从界面结构的制备和观察、界面断裂的相场模拟、界面抗冲击性的有限元模拟和界面强度的第一原理计算等方面进行了综述,并对未来发展方向提出建议。A composite material with a laminated structure can be fabricated through layer-by-layer stacking of ceramic and metal in a certain order.It has characteristics of high strength,high hardness,low density of ceramics,and strong ductility of metals;thus,it can be used for bulletproof armor materials.During bullet antipenetration,the ceramic panel is responsible for decelerating and breaking the projectile,and the metal backplate absorbs the kinetic energy of the bullet through plastic deformation,thereby forming a complete bulletproof armor system.However,there are some problems associated with laminated materials,such as the significant difference between the properties of ceramic and metal,weak interface bonding strength,and easy occurrence of tip cracks due to the increase in the internal stress of the impacted material.The ceramic-metal interface easily leads to a sudden change in material properties,and crack propagation and migration affect the properties.After being impacted,cracks first appear in the interlayer,where the interface bonding strength is still unideal,easily leading to a drop between the ceramic panel and metal backplate.In this study,the preparation and observation of interface structure,phase-field simulation of interface fracture,finite element simulation of interface impact resistance,meshless smoothed-particle hydrodynamic method for high-velocity impact and large deformation,and firstprinciples calculations of interface strength were reviewed.Finally,some suggestions are presented for future development:(1)Strengthening the research of ceramic toughening to enhance the matching degree between the ceramic panel and metal backplate,reducing the sudden change of ceramic to metal performance,and making the performance of ceramic-metal laminated materials more uniform is crucial.In addition,studying metal strengthening is necessary.On the premise of not damaging metal ductility,nano-phases can be added to prepare metal matrix composites for metal strengthening;(2)More multiscale research metho

关 键 词：陶瓷-金属叠层复合材料 界面结合 相场法模拟 第一原理计算 有限元仿真 

分 类 号：TB333[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]