航空发动机热障涂层的CMAS腐蚀行为与防护方法  

CMAS Corrosion Behavior and Protection Method of Thermal Barrier Coatings for Aeroengine

作　　者：郭磊[1,2,3] 高远[1] 叶福兴 张馨木 GUO Lei;GAO Yuan;YE Fuxing;ZHANG Xinmu(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Joining Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology,Ministry of Education,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学材料科学与工程学院,天津300072 [2]天津大学天津市现代连接技术重点实验室,天津300072 [3]天津大学先进陶瓷与加工技术教育部重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《金属学报》2021年第9期1184-1198,共15页Acta Metallurgica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目No.51971156。

摘　　要：热障涂层(thermal barrier coatings,TBCs)是航空发动机涡轮叶片的关键核心技术之一,可显著提高发动机工作温度,提升发动机推力和工作效率;但另一方面,更高的发动机工作温度使得叶片及其表面TBCs遭受严重的环境沉积物(主要成分为CaO、MgO、Al_(2)O_(3)和SiO2,简称CMAS)腐蚀,造成过早失效。CMAS腐蚀已成为限制TBCs工作温度和服役寿命的难题,抗腐蚀防护是目前TBCs领域研究的重点。本文首先综述了学者们对TBCs CMAS腐蚀问题的认识历程以及CMAS本身特性,再简述了TBCs的CMAS腐蚀机理,重点从TBCs的表面防护层设计、涂层成分改性、新型抗腐蚀涂层材料开发以及涂层结构设计等方面阐述了国际上目前TBCs的抗CMAS腐蚀防护方法,最后对TBCs的超高温环境应用及腐蚀防护发展方向进行了展望。Thermal barrier coating(TBC)is a core aero-engine turbine blade technology,which can significantly increase an engine􀆳s operating temperature,thrust,and working efficiency.Moreover,highengine operating temperatures make aero-engine turbine blades and their TBCs suffer from severe corrosion of environmental deposits(the main components are CaO,MgO,Al2O3,and SiO2,together referred to as CMAS),causing premature failure.CMAS corrosion has become a key issue that limits the service temperature and lifetimes of TBCs,and its protection has been a research hotspot.In this paper,first,the scholars􀆳understanding of CMAS corrosion to TBCs and the characteristics of CMAS were reviewed.Then,CMAS corrosion mechanisms for TBCs were briefly described.The protection methods of TBCs from CMAS corrosion were elaborated from the aspects of TBC􀆳s surface protection layer design,coating component modification,new CMAS-resistant coating materials development,and coating microstructure design.Finally,the application of TBCs in ultrahigh temperature environments and the development direction of corrosion protection were forecasted.

关 键 词：燃气涡轮发动机 热障涂层 CMAS腐蚀 失效机理 防护方法 

分 类 号：TG174.4[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]