基于人机仿真技术的炮手操作姿势多指标量化评估模型  

Multi-index quantitative evaluation model of gunner s operation posture based on human-machine simulation technology

作　　者：赵祎乾 吴天宇 顾森 李亚军[1] 朱天陆 ZHAO Yiqian;WU Tianyu;GU Sen;LI Yajun;ZHU Tianlu(School of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;School of Intelligent Engineering,Henan Mechanical and Electrical Vocational College,Zhengzhou 451100,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学机械工程学院,江苏南京210094 [2]河南机电职业学院智能工程学院,河南郑州451100

出　　处：《计算机集成制造系统》2021年第8期2350-2361,共12页Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems

基　　金：江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划资助项目(KYCX19_0277,KYCX18_0397)。

摘　　要：为解决火炮瞄准、装填、维修、行战转换过程中炮手操作姿势的量化评估问题,以人机仿真技术为支撑,立足于多指标维度,自上而下基于应用层、表现层、逻辑层、数据层、知识层构建一种综合评估模型。面向模型中的评估数据分析部分,结合灰色关联分析、理想解相似度顺序偏好、灰色接近关联度与灰色关联聚类算法开发了炮手操作姿势评估数据分析系统DASGOPE 1.0,并以某型牵引榴弹炮瞄准机手轮操作评估为例对模型应用进行探讨。首先建立炮手人体与手轮设计方案的数字化模型;其次仿真炮手操作手轮的动态行为与过程,并引入双手手腕、双肘部、躯干、臂部、膝盖、脚踝8项指标对炮手操作姿势进行评估;最后结合DASGOPE 1.0系统计算与分析评估数据。研究表明,评估模型具有良好的可用性;针对火炮人机操控设备的多组设计方案,通过评估炮手操作方案中对应操作姿势的合理性,实现了最优或优选方案的快速辨别与提取,为后续操控设备的优化提供了指导。To solve the quantitative evaluation problem of gunner operating posture in the process of artillery aiming,loading,repairing and march-combat conversion,a comprehensive evaluation model was constructed from the top-down at the application layer,performance layer,logic layer,data layer and knowledge layer based on the multi-index dimensions,which was relied upon the human-machine simulation technology.In the right of the evaluation data analysis part,the gunner position assessment data analysis system named DASGOPE 1.0 was developed by combining with Grey Relation Analysis(GRA),Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution(TOPSIS),grey relation closeness and grey relational clustering.The operation evaluation of handwheel of a certain type of towed howitzer aiming mechanism was taken as an example to discussed the application of the proposed model.The digital model of gunner s body and design scheme for handwheel were constructed.The dynamic behavior process of gunners was simulated,and the operating posture was evaluated by eight indexes of wrists,elbow,trunk,hip,knee and ankle.The evaluation data of DASGOPE 1.0 was calculated and processed,and the research showed that the evaluation model was available.Aiming at the groups of artillery human-machine control equipment design scheme,the optimal or suboptimal scheme was quickly identified and extracted by evaluating the rationality of the corresponding behavior posture,which could provide guidance for the subsequent control equipment optimization.

关 键 词：人机仿真技术 Jack软件 炮手操作姿势 多指标 量化评估模型 瞄准机 

分 类 号：TB18[一般工业技术] TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]