论陈独秀“国语”教育主张的嬗变  

The Evolution of Chen Duxiu's Opinion about“Guoyu”Education

作　　者：李明 储小旵 LI Ming;CHU Xiaochan(School of Humanities, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246011, China;School of Humanities and Law, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang Hangzhou 311300 China)

机构地区：[1]安庆师范大学人文学院,安徽安庆246011 [2]浙江农林大学文法学院,浙江杭州311300

出　　处：《皖西学院学报》2021年第4期108-113,共6页Journal of West Anhui University

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(19ZDA315);安徽省高校人文社会科学研究重点项目(SK2016A0549);安庆师范大学校级质量工程项目(2018aqnukfk001)。

摘　　要：作为五四新文化运动主要发起人之一的陈独秀,在五四新文化动之前就提出“国语”教育的主张,甚至有些主张非常激进,是“国语”教育的先行者和实践者;但晚年所著《小学识字教本》推翻了汉代许慎《说文解字》主张的沿用了两千年的“六书”童蒙识字方法,取而代之以“字根”和“半字根”理论,有一定的学术价值。但在当时的“国语”教育环境下,他的“字根”和“半字根”训蒙方法,脱离了时代现实,也违背了语言发展的规律,因此,晚年的陈独秀“国语”教育主张有保守倾向。As one of the main sponsors of the May 4th New Culture Movement,Chen Duxiu put forward the ideas of“Guoyu”education before the May 4th New Culture Movement,and even some of his proposals were very radical.He was the forerunner and practitioner of“Guoyu”education.However,the Textbook of Primary School Literacy written in his later years overturned the“Liushu”method of children's learning characters advocated by Xu Shen's Shuo Wen Jie Zi in the Han Dynasty,and replaced it with the theory of“character root”and“half character root”,which has certain academic value.However,in the environment of“Guoyu”education at that time,his“character root”and“half character root”training methods were divorced from the reality of the times and violated the law of language development.So,Chen Duxiu's idea of“Guoyu”education in his later years has a conservative tendency.

关 键 词：陈独秀 “国语”教育 《小学识字教本》 主张 嬗变 

分 类 号：H19[语言文字—汉语]