汽车-道路相互作用研究进展  

Research Progress of Vehicle-pavement Interaction

作　　者：杨绍普[1] 张俊宁 路永婕[1,3] 李韶华 YANG Shaopu;ZHANG Junning;LU Yongjie;LI Shaohua(State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior in Traffic Engineering Structure and System Safety,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043;School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043;School of Mechanical Engineering,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043)

机构地区：[1]石家庄铁道大学省部共建交通工程结构力学行为与系统安全国家重点实验室,石家庄050043 [2]石家庄铁道大学交通运输学院,石家庄050043 [3]石家庄铁道大学机械工程学院,石家庄050043

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2021年第12期1-17,共17页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12072204,11972238,11872255);河北省自然基金(A2020210039)资助项目。

摘　　要：回顾汽车-道路相互作用的研究历程和主要研究内容,分析汽车系统动力学、轮胎动力学和路面结构动力学三个研究领域之间的关系,分别从车辆的随机振动与道路友好性悬架、轮胎-路面接触动力学和动载荷下道路结构动力学三个层面对研究进展进行综述,提出汽车-道路相互作用研究中存在的问题和未来的发展方向。当前汽车-道路相互作用研究多集中于单一领域或者三个领域简单叠加,忽略或简化了汽车-道路之间相互作用、互相约束的复杂动态耦合关系,但是要满足车辆更高的控制精度和动力学性能优化,需要更多的考虑汽车-道路之间的相互作用关系。对于胎路接触关系,现有的研究多是以路面的特定参数来描述轮胎自身的滞回特性,考虑轮胎与路面之间的动态耦合特性需要更深一步研究。简单的路面不平度模型对路面的形貌描述不够,制约着车-路相互作用的研究,开展路面形貌特征的提取、描述和重构仍很重要。车辆运动控制的实现和控制器的设计多依赖于质心的动态响应和路面附着状况,汽车-轮胎-地面瞬态耦合机理及路面参数的高精度快速识别将是极具理论难度与工程应用的研究。此外,轮毂电机在新一代智能电动汽车的应用,改变了汽车底盘构型及载荷分布,考虑路面随机激励、电机激励及车路耦合激励的综合作用研究车-路相互作用及智能控制也是一项具有挑战性的科学问题。The research course and main contents of vehicle-pavement interactions are reviewed,and the relationship between three research fields of vehicle system dynamics,tire dynamics and pavement structure dynamics is analyzed. The research progress was reviewed from three levels,including random vibrations of vehicle and pavement-friendly suspensions,tire-pavement contact dynamics, pavement structure dynamics under dynamic load, thus proposing the problems existing in the research on vehicle-pavement interactions as well as the future development direction. Currently,research on vehicle-pavement interactions mostly focuses on a single field or the simple superposition of three fields,but ignoring or simplifying the complex dynamic coupling relationship between vehicle-pavement interactions and mutual restraints. However,to meet the higher control accuracy and dynamic performance optimization of vehicles,the interactions between vehicles and pavements need to be considered. As for the tire-pavement contact relationship,most of the existing researches are based on the specific parameters of the pavement to describe the hysteresis characteristics of the tire itself. The dynamic coupling characteristics between the tire and the pavement needs to be further studied. The simple pavement roughness model is insufficient to describe the topography of the pavement,which restricts the study of vehicle-pavement interactions. It is still significant to conduct the extraction,description and reconstruction of the pavement topography. The realization of vehicle motion control and the design of the controller mostly depend on the dynamic response of the mass center and the pavement adhesion. The vehicle-tire-pavement transient coupling mechanism as well as the high-precision and rapid identification of pavement parameters will be very theoretically difficult with huge engineering application prospects. In addition,the application of in-wheel motors in the new generation of intelligent electric vehicles has changed the chassis configur

关 键 词：车-路相互作用 胎-路动态摩擦 道路友好性悬架 三维路面谱 路面参数识别 

分 类 号：TB122[理学—工程力学]