塔里木河下游河段叶尔羌高原鳅形态生物学研究  

Morphological Biology of Triplophysa Yarkandensis in the Lower Reaches of Tarim River

作　　者：王锦秀 任道全[1] 王新月 陈生熬[1] 宋勇[1] 秦琴 WANG Jinxiu;REN Daoquan;WANG Xinyue;CHEN Shengao;SONG Yong;QIN Qin(Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Science and Technology,Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China;Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,The First Division Animal Husbandry Veterinary Station,Alar 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学动物科学学院,新疆建设兵团塔里木畜牧科技重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]新疆生产建设兵团第一师畜牧兽医站,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2021年第8期58-63,共6页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31460691,31360635);农业财政专项(西北地区重点水域渔业资源与环境调查);兵团科技局项目(2017DB003);兵团塔里木畜牧科技重点实验室项目(HS201901);塔里木大学研究生创新项目(TDGRI201821)。

摘　　要：为了更好地保护塔里木河水系渔业资源,维护塔里木河流域的生态平衡,采用经典生物学法对塔里木河下游3个河段叶尔羌高原鳅形态生物学进行测量分析。结果表明:阿尔干、台特玛湖、车尔臣河3个群体叶尔羌高原鳅体长范围是56.71~78.61 mm、65.7~76.58 mm、49.94~128.61 mm;其体长和体质量关系分别为W=0.001L 5.612,(R^(2)=0.693)、W=0.005 L^(3.432),(R^(2)=0.914)、W=0.024L 2.647,(R^(2)=0.928)。阿尔干与台特玛湖群体中体长与体质量差异不显著(P>0.05),阿尔干与车尔臣河差异显著(P<0.05),台特玛湖与车尔臣河差异显著(P<0.05);肥满度,阿尔干和台特玛湖与阿尔干和车尔臣河群体差异极显著(P<0.01),台特玛湖与车尔臣河差异不显著(P>0.05);3个群体间体高/体长、头长/体长、头宽/体长、尾柄长/体长、口宽/头长、吻长/头长差异极显著(P<0.01)。说明塔里木河下游3个河段的叶尔羌高原鳅因长时间断流、种群之间不能交流、生境破碎化造成生存条件不同而导致其形态显示出差异性。To better protect the fishery resources of Tarim river system,and maintain the ecological balance of the Tarim River basin,the morphological biology of loach in three lower reaches of Tarim River was determined by classical biological method.The results showed that the body length range of Triplophysa yarkandensis of Algan,Lake Taitema and Che'erchen River was 56.71~78.61 mm,65.7~76.58 mm,58.78~65.26 mm.The relationship between body length and body mass of Algan,Lake Taitema and Che'erchen River was W=0.001L 5.612,(R^(2)=0.693),W=0.005L^(3.432),(R^(2)=0.914),W=0.024L 2.647,(R^(2)=0.928),respectively.There was no significant difference in body length and body mass between Algan and Lake Taitema populations(P>0.05).There were significant differences between Algan and Che'erchen River(P<0.05),and between Lake Taitema and Che'erchen River(P<0.05).In terms of relative fatness,the difference between Lake Algan and Taitema and Lake Algan and Che'erchen River was highly significant(P<0.01),while the difference between Lake Taitema and Che'erchen River was not significant(P>0.05).The body height/body length,head length/body length,head width/body length,caudal peduncle length/body length,mouth breadth/head length,snout length/head length of the three groups were significantly different(P<0.01).The results indicated that the morphology of the three lower reaches of the Tarim River showed anisotopy due to the long-term discontinuity of flow,the inability of communication between populations and the different living conditions caused by habitat fragmentation.

关 键 词：塔里木河 叶尔羌高原鳅 形态生物学 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]