微胶囊化膨胀型阻燃剂与有机蒙脱土协效阻燃乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物性能  

Synergistic properties of microencapsulated intumescent flame retardant-organically modified montmorillonite/ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer composites

作　　者：李茁实[1] 程文华 董春[1] 汪碧波 金志健 房权生[1] 胡源[2] LI Zhuoshi;CHENG Wenhua;DONG Chun;WANG Bibo;JIN Zhijian;FANG Quansheng;HU Yuan(Baosheng Science&Technology Co.Ltd.,Yangzhou 225800,China;State Key Laboratory of Science and Fire,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]宝胜科技创新股份有限公司,扬州225800 [2]中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,合肥230026

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2021年第8期2546-2553,共8页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目课题(51991352);江苏省科技成果转化专项(BA2018107)。

摘　　要：通过纳米复合的方式,将微胶囊化的膨胀型阻燃体系-聚磷酸铵(APP)-季戊四醇(PER)与有机改性的片层蒙脱土(OMMT)用于协效阻燃乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)。采用XRD、TEM、TGA、极限氧指数(LOI)、垂直燃烧(UL-94)、锥形量热仪、烟密度和动态机械热分析对微胶囊化APP(MCAPP)-微胶囊化PER(MCPER)-OMMT/EVA复合材料的结构与性能进行研究。研究结果表明,OMMT被完全剥离开,并以层离或插层的状态分散在EVA中;MCAPP-MCPER与OMMT之间存在明显的协效阻燃作用,用3wt%OMMT代替MCAPP-MCPER后,MCAPP-MCPER-OMMT/EVA复合材料的LOI值从25.5vol%提高到29.5vol%,垂直燃烧结果由V-2上升到V-0级别,残炭量也由14.5wt%增大到15.9wt%,烟密度由154.7 g/s降低到97.5 g/s,材料的阻燃性能得到有效提高。此外,万能拉伸测试及动态机械热分析测试表明,通过纳米复合制备的阻燃MCAPP-MCPER-OMMT/EVA复合材料具有更好的力学和动态热机械性能。Flame retardant ethylene-vinyl acetate(EVA) composites were prepared by combination of microencapsulated intumescent flame retardants-ammonium polyphosphate(APP)-pentaerythritol(PER) and organically modified montmorillonite(OMMT). The microencapsulated APP(MCAPP)-microencapsulated PER(MCPER)-OMMT/EVA composites were further characterized through XRD and TEM,confirming OMMT sheets are well dispersed in the matrix as exfoliated or intercalated nanocomposite state. Limiting oxygen index(LOI),TGA,underwriters laboratories 94 vertical burning(UL-94),cone and smoke density test results indicate the synergistic flame retardancy effect between MCAPP-MCPER and OMMT in MCAPP-MCPER-OMMT/EVA composites. Replacing the same amount of MCAPP-MCPER with 3 wt% OMMT could improve the LOI value of the MCAPP-MCPEROMMT/EVA composites from 25.5 vol% to 29.5 vol%. The UL-94 rating increases from V-2 to V-0. The char residue of MCAPP-MCPER-OMMT/EVA composites is improved from 14.5 wt% to 15.9 wt% and the smoke density significantly decreases from 154.7 g/s to 97.5 g/s. Besides,the mechanical property of MCAPP-MCPER-OMMT/EVA composites was tested by universal testing machine and dynamic thermomechanical analysis(DMA),the result shows that the flame-retardant MCAPP-MCPER-OMMT/EVA composites has better mechanical properties.

关 键 词：乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯 阻燃 纳米复合 协效作用 膨胀型阻燃剂 

分 类 号：TQ328.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]