污泥接种率对厨余垃圾糖化残渣沼气发酵的影响研究  

Study on the Effect of Sludge Inoculation Rate on the Biogas Fermentation of Kitchen Waste Saccharification Residue

作　　者：项娟 田阳 王德芳[1] 吴迪[1] XIANG Juan;TIAN Yang;WANG De-fang;WU Di(Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tianjin 300000,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市农业科学院,天津300000

出　　处：《中国沼气》2021年第4期47-53,共7页China Biogas

基　　金：天津市农业科学院院长基金项目(17008);天津市科技支撑(19YFZCSN00450)。

摘　　要：该课题组根据厨余垃圾的特性,采用乙醇-甲烷组合发酵,即糖化分离后,糖化液进行乙醇发酵,糖化残渣进行沼气发酵。文章采用厨余垃圾糖化残渣(简称糖化残渣)作为发酵原料,接种消化污泥进行厌氧消化。在接种污泥:糖化残渣(以VS质量计,简写ISRs)=0.5,1.0,2.0,3.0条件下监测了发酵过程中的甲烷产量、有机酸含量及组成、碱度、pH值等发酵指标。结果表明:当ISRs为1.0时,糖化残渣沼气发酵的效果最佳,累积甲烷产量和有机物(VS)去除率分别达到263.73 mL·g^(-1)VS和57.78%。通过分析发酵过程中重要指标TVFA/碱度比值、丙酸浓度、丙酸/乙酸比值等,发现TVFA/碱度比值介于0.40~1.40时,糖化残渣甲烷产率相对较大;丙酸浓度需要控制在0.5 g·L^(-1)以下甲烷产率较高;丙酸/乙酸比值控制在小于0.10是糖化残渣沼气发酵稳定进行的必要条件。According to the characteristics of kitchen waste,the research group adopted ethanol-methane combined fermentation,that is,the kitchen waste was saccharification and separated,saccharification liquid carried on the ethanol fermentation,saccharification residue carried on the methane fermentation.In this paper,the kitchen waste saccharification residue was used as fermentation raw material and inoculated with digested sludge for anaerobic fermentation.The ratio of inoculation sludge to saccharificaion residue(ISRs)were 0.5,1.0,2.0,3.0,and the fermentation indexes such as methane yield,organic acid content and composition,alkalinity and pH value were monitored.The results showed that,when the inoculation rate was 1.0,the fermentation effect of saccharified residue was the best,the cumulative methane yield and VS removal rate reached 263.73 mL·g^(-1)VS and 57.78%,respectively.By analyzing the ratio of TVFA/alkalinity,the concentration of propionic acid,the ratio of propionic acid/acetic acid and other important indicators in the fermentation process,it was found that when the ratio of TVFA/alkalinity was between 0.40~1.40,the methane yield of saccharified residue was relatively high.The concentration of propionic acid should be controlled below 0.5 g·L^(-1),then a better methane production could be obtained.Controlling the ratio of propionic acid/acetic acid less than 0.10 is a necessary condition for the stable biogas digestion of saccharified residue.

关 键 词：糖化残渣 厌氧消化 接种率 发酵指标 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程] X703[农业科学—农业工程]