兔舍消毒后舍内细菌含量的变化研究  

Study on the Content of Bacteria after Disinfection of Rabbit House

作　　者：李万利[1] 袁林 王朋飞 王明发[1] 陈直[1] 李胜利 牛选民 Li Wan-li;Yuan Lin;Wang Peng-fei;Wang Ming-fa;Chen Zhi;Li Sheng-li;Niu Xuan-min(Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002;Jiyuan Sunshine Rabbit Industry Company Limited,Jiyuan 459000)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,郑州450002 [2]济源阳光兔业有限公司,济源459000

出　　处：《中国养兔》2021年第3期7-10,15,共5页Chinese Journal of Rabbit Farming

基　　金：河南省科技特派员项目。

摘　　要：随着肉兔养殖向规模化、标准化、集约化方向发展,进而使养殖密度增大,养殖环境对动物生产的影响也越来越大。本试验在春季以河南省济源市肉兔养殖场为试验点,采用自然沉降法就不同采集时长(5 min、10 min、15 min、20 min)和不同采集时间点(9:00和14:00)进行采样对比分析。结果表明:随着沉降时间的延长细菌数量逐渐增加,但并非一直增加;对同一兔舍采集时间不同,细菌数量有一定的差异,相同条件下在下午14:00时采集到的细菌数量要多于上午9:00时的细菌数量。通过革兰氏染色试验确定兔舍环境微生物主要是革兰氏阴性菌,经PCR扩增检测进一步确定兔舍中微生物主要为大肠杆菌。对兔舍消毒不同时间(8 h、24 h、36 h、48 h、60 h、72 h)后,对兔舍环境进行菌落采集。结果表明:饲养环境相近的情况下细菌含量差异不显著,使用相同的消毒模式进行处理,随着消毒后时间的延长细菌含量均呈现先降低后增加的现象,并在消毒后72 h达到最高值。表明消毒后可以降低环境中的细菌含量,但作用时间有限,定期消毒可以降低环境中的细菌。With the development of meat rabbit breeding to scale,standardization and intensification,the breeding density increases.The breeding environment has an increasing influence on animal production.This experiment in spring in henan jiyuan feeding rabb farms for sites,using the natural sedimentation method is different collecting time (5 min,10 min,15 min,20 min) and different sampling time points (9 and 14 points),sampling analysis,the results show that as the settling time to extend the bacteria quantity increase gradually,but not always increase;In the same rabbit house,the number of bacteria varies with the time of collection.Under the same conditions,the number of bacteria collected at 2 PM is higher than that at 9 AM.Gram-negative bacteria were the main microorganisms in the environment of the rabbit house by Gram staining test,and Escherichia coli was the main microorganisms in the rabbit house by PCR amplification test.After disinfection of the rabbit house,the colony was collected at different time (8 h,24 h,36 h,48 h,60 h,72 h).The results showed that:In the case of similar feeding environment,the difference of bacterial content was not significant,and the same disinfection mode could be used for treatment.With the extension of time after disinfection,the bacterial content showed a phenomenon of first decrease and then increase,and reached the maximum value 72 h after disinfection.It shows that disinfection can reduce the content of bacteria in the environment,but the effect time is limited.Regular disinfection reduces bacteria in the environment.

关 键 词：肉兔舍环境 消毒 菌落数 自然沉降法 

分 类 号：S829.1[农业科学—畜牧学]