不同采摘期对库尔勒香梨静压损伤影响规律研究  

Study on the effect of different harvest periods on the static pressure damage of Korla fragrant pear

作　　者：杨欲晓 于世辉 李小龙 张宏[1] 肖爱玲[1] 刘扬[1] 苏广东 YANG Yuxiao;YU Shihui;LI Xiaolong;ZHANG Hong;XIAO Ailing;LIU Yang;SU Guangdong(School of Mechanic and Electrical Engineering,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China;Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Engineering,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学机械电气化工程学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木大学现代农业工程重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《包装与食品机械》2021年第4期6-11,共6页Packaging and Food Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31160196、31560479、31660489);兵团科技特派员创新创业计划项目(2019CB037);南疆特色农产品深加工兵团重点实验室开放课题(AP1905);塔里木大学校长基金项目(TDZKCQ201902)。

摘　　要：为探究不同采摘期对库尔勒香梨静压损伤影响,本文利用万能材料试验机对不同采摘期下库尔勒香梨进行静压损伤试验,研究不同成熟度库尔勒香梨机械特性参数,建立不同成熟度库尔勒香梨变形量与静压损伤面积关系的数学模型,研究采摘期内硬度变化规律。结果表明:采摘期内果实各机械特性参数均随采摘期的后延而减小,采摘期内果实极限屈服力变化范围为53.8 N~148.37 N,变形能变化范围为51.12 N·mm~322.52 N·mm,极限破裂力变化范围为78.28 N~209.91 N,破裂能变化范围为96.91 N·mm~693.1 N·mm。采摘期内果实静压损伤面积随变形量的增加而增加。采摘期内果实硬度整体呈下降趋势,根据果实硬度曲线下降速率可将采摘期9月1日~9月9日、9月9日~9月21日、9月21日~9月29日依次分为第Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ三个阶段。第Ⅰ阶段、第Ⅲ阶段采摘库尔勒香梨时,果实受静压损伤影响波动较小,第Ⅱ阶段果实受静压损伤影响波动较大,此阶段需赶时采摘,避免造成过多经济损失。试验结果可指导库尔勒香梨的采摘、贮运、加工等环节。IIn order to explore the influence of different picking periods on the static pressure damage of Korla fragrant pears,this paper uses a universal material testing machine to conduct static pressure damage tests on Korla fragrant pears in different picking periods,study the mechanical characteristics of Korla fragrant pears with different maturity,and establish different maturity Korla The mathematical model of the relationship between the deformation amount of fragrant pear and the area of static pressure damage is to study the law of hardness change during the picking period.The results show:During the picking period,the various mechanical parameters of the fruit decreased with the increase of the picking period.During the picking period,the fruit's ultimate yield strength varied from 53.8 N to 148.37 N,and the deformation energy varied from 51.12 N·mm to 322.52 N·mm.The limit destructive force varies from 78.28 N to 209.91 N,and the destructive energy varies from 96.91 N·mm to 693.1 N·mm.During the picking period,the static pressure damage area of the fruit increased with the increase of the amount of deformation,and all showed a one-dimensional quadratic linear relationship.During the picking period,the overall hardness of the fruit showed a downward trend.According to the decline rate of the fruit hardness curve,the picking period could be from September 1 to September 9,September 9 to September 21,and September 21 to September 29.It is divided into three stages:Ⅰ,Ⅱ,andⅢ.When picking Korla fragrant pears at stage I and stage III,the fruit is affected by static pressure damage and fluctuates slightly.When picking Korla fragrant pears at stage II,the fruit is affected by static pressure damage and fluctuates greatly.At this stage,you need to pick it in time to avoid Cause excessive economic losses.The test results can guide the picking,storage,transportation,and processing of Korla fragrant pears.

关 键 词：库尔勒香梨 静压 采摘期 机械特性 损伤面积 

分 类 号：TS255.2[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]