法经济学视角下的违约方申请解除合同规则探讨  

The Rules of Applying for Termination of Contract by the Breaching Party from the Perspective of Law and Economics

作　　者：孙紫妍 SUN Ziyan(East China University,Shanghai 200042,China)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学,上海200042

出　　处：《金华职业技术学院学报》2021年第4期57-62,共6页Journal of Jinhua Polytechnic

摘　　要：自"新宇公司诉冯玉梅商铺买卖合同纠纷案"登载为最高人民法院的公报案例,违约方如何处理合同僵局成为民法学界广泛争议的焦点。主流观点认为,违约方在合同出现僵局时并不享有法定解除权,仅享有申请司法解除合同的诉权。在我国合同法现有的制度无法解决合同僵局问题且引入英美法效率违约制度的条件尚不成熟的情况下,考虑到法经济学的效率原则,设立违约方申请解除合同的规则是必要的。我国《民法典》中虽已增设处理违约方申请解除合同的条款,但该条款规定得过于简单、模糊。对此,应借鉴此前《民法典合同编(二审稿)》和《九民纪要》的规定,将支持违约方解除合同申请的条件补充进《民法典》的该条款中,从而完善违约方申请解除合同规则,使之更好地指导司法实践。Since"the Sale Contract Disputebetween XinYu Company vs. Feng Yumei Shop"became the bulletin casein the Supreme People’s Court, how the breaching partyshould handle the contract deadlock has become the subject widely discussed by the civil law community. The mainstream view is that the breaching party doesn’t have the right to terminate the contract, but only the right to apply for the judicial termination of the contract. At present, the existing system in our country’s contract law cannot solve the problem of contract deadlock, and the conditions for introducing the efficiency breach system in Anglo-American law are not mature. Consideringefficiency principle of law and economics, it is necessary to establish the rule for the breaching party to apply for termination of the con^(tract. Related provisions dealing with the terms of the breaching party’s application for termination of the contract have been added) in the Civil Code, but the provisions are too simple and vague. In view of this, the conditions that support the breaching party’s application are added to the Civil Code with reference to the previous"Civil Code Contract Edition(Second Review Draft)"and"Minutes of the Nine Peoples"so as to improve the rule for the breaching party to apply for termination of the contract and better guide judicial practice.

关 键 词：违约方申请解除合同权 效率原则 合同僵局 民法典 法经济学 

分 类 号：D912.29[政治法律—民商法学]