贵州小黄姜脱毒原种栽培因子优化  

Optimization of Cultivation Factors for Virus-free Original Seed of Small Yellow Ginger in Guizhou Province

作　　者：王少铭[1,2] 李德文[1,2] 冷家归 罗莉斯[1,2] 侯颖辉 李晋华 向依 WANG Shaoming;LI Dewen;LENG Jiagui;LUO Lisi;HOU Yinghui;LI Jinhua;XIANG Yi(Institute of Spice Crops,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006;Institute of Oil Crops,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院香料研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [2]贵州省农业科学院油料研究所,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2021年第7期107-112,共6页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑项目“贵州脱毒生姜繁育及产业化关键技术研究”[黔科合支撑(2016)2546],“贵州生姜种质资源评价及新品种选育研究”[黔科合支撑(2019)2391];贵州省科技平台及人才团队计划“贵州天然辛香料产业技术支撑及研发平台建设”[黔科合平台人才(2017)5713]。

摘　　要：【目的】研究贵州小黄姜脱毒原种高产栽培技术,为促进贵州脱毒生姜产业发展提供参考。【方法】以盘州小黄姜脱毒原种为研究对象,采用二次旋转回归设计,在普定县进行密度(64770株/hm_(2)、75000株/hm_(2)、90000株/hm_(2)、105000株/hm_(2)、115230株/hm_(2))、氮肥(277.5 kg/hm_(2)、360 kg/hm_(2)、480 kg/hm_(2)、600 kg/hm_(2)、681 kg/hm_(2))、磷肥(118.5 kg/hm_(2)、180 kg/hm_(2)、270 kg/hm_(2)、360 kg/hm_(2)、420 kg/hm_(2))及钾肥(497.7 kg/hm_(2)、600 kg/hm_(2)、750 kg/hm_(2)、900 kg/hm_(2)、1002.3 kg/hm_(2))与产量间关系的研究。【结果】产量(Y)与栽培密度(X 1)、N(X 2)、P 2O 5(X 3)和K 2O(X 4)的二次回归方程为Y=46554.08+652.63 X 1+535.19 X 2+431.55 X 3+761.15 X 4-1642.44 X 12-1270.33 X 22-1420.58 X 32-906.12 X 42+338.96 X 1 X 2+562.51 X 1 X 3-872.69 X 1 X 4-1187.58 X 2 X 3+159.93 X 2 X 4+75.02 X 3 X 4;随着密度、氮肥、磷肥及钾肥施用量的增加,脱毒原种的产量呈先升后降趋势,氮肥和磷肥间互作关系显著;在氮肥、磷肥处于较高水平时,施肥水平的变化对脱毒原种的产量影响较大;在氮肥、磷肥施用量分别为480 kg/hm_(2)和270 kg/hm_(2)(均处于0水平)时,盘州小黄姜脱毒原种产量最高,为45054.15 kg/hm_(2)。【结论】在普定县,盘州小黄姜脱毒原种产量达45000 kg/hm_(2)以上的优化栽培方案为栽培密度90075~97425株/hm_(2),施N量495.15~564.00 kg/hm_(2),施P 2O 5量244.95~310.20 kg/hm_(2),施K 2O量771.15~870.90 kg/hm_(2),适宜的氮磷钾比为1.8∶1∶2.9。【Objective】To provide a reference for promoting the development of virus-free ginger industry,the high-yield cultivation technology of virus-free original seed of small yellow ginger in Guizhou is explored.【Method】The virus-free original seed of Panzhou small yellow ginger is used as the research object.The relationship between density(64770 plant/hm_(2),75000 plant/hm_(2),90000 plant/hm_(2),105000 plant/hm_(2) and 115230 plant/hm_(2)),N fertilizer(277.5 kg/hm_(2),360 kg/hm_(2),480 kg/hm_(2),600 kg/hm_(2),and 681 kg/hm_(2)),P fertilizer(118.5 kg/hm_(2),180 kg/hm_(2),270 kg/hm_(2),360 kg/hm_(2) and 420 kg/hm_(2)),K fertilizer(497.7 kg/hm_(2),600 kg/hm_(2),750 kg/hm_(2),900 kg/hm_(2) and 1002.3 kg/hm_(2))and yield are studied by employing quadratic rotation regression design in Puding County.【Result】The quadratic regression equation between yield(Y)and cultivation density[(X 1),N(X 2),P 2O 5(X 3)and K 2O(X 4)]is Y=46554.08+652.63 X 1+535.19 X 2+431.55 X 3+761.15 X 4-1642.44 X 12-1270.33 X 22-1420.58 X 32-906.12 X 42+338.96 X 1 X 2+562.51 X 1 X 3-872.69 X 1 X 4-1187.58 X 2 X 3+159.93 X 2 X 4+75.02 X 3 X 4.As density,N fertilizer,P fertilizer and K fertilizer increased,the yield of virus-free original seed shows a first rising and then decreasing trend,the interaction between N fertilizer and P fertilizer is significant.When N fertilizer and P fertilizer are at a higher level,the variation in fertilization level affects the yield of virus-free original seed greatly.When the application level of N fertilizer and P fertilizer is 480 kg/hm_(2) and 270 kg/hm_(2)(at a level of 0),the yield of virus-free original seed of Panzhou small yellow ginger reaches the highest of 45054.15 kg/hm_(2).【Conclusion】When the yield of virus-free original seed of Panzhou small yellow ginger is more than 45000 kg/hm_(2) in Puding County,the optimized cultivation schedule include:90075-97425 plant/hm_(2) of cultivation density,495.15-564.00 kg/hm_(2) of N application level,244.95-310.20 kg/hm_(2) of P 2O 5 application level,7

关 键 词：小黄姜 脱毒原种 栽培因子 优化 贵州 

分 类 号：S632.5[农业科学—蔬菜学]