药用植物天然产物生物合成途径及关键催化酶的研究策略  

Research Strategies of Natural Products Biosynthesis Pathways and Key Enzymes in Medicinal Plants

作　　者：周正 李卿 陈万生 张磊 ZHOU Zheng;LI Qing;CHEN Wan-sheng;ZHANG Lei(Navy Special Medical Center,Shanghai 200433;Department of Pharmacy,Changzheng Hospital,Navy Medical University,Shanghai 200003;School of Pharmacy,Navy Medical University,Shanghai 200433)

机构地区：[1]海军特色医学中心,上海200433 [2]海军军医大学附属长征医院药学部,上海200003 [3]海军军医大学药学院,上海200433

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2021年第8期25-34,共10页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31970316,31770329)。

摘　　要：来源于药用植物的天然产物是现代药物研发和创新的重要源泉。关于药用植物天然产物的传统研究,主要是围绕其提取纯化、化学结构、合成和生物功能展开。随着基因组学、生物信息学、分子生物学、分子遗传学、合成生物学等学科的飞速发展和各学科之间的交叉融合越来越广泛,药用植物的天然产物研究出现了新的机遇。本文针对药用植物天然产物生物合成及关键催化酶的研究策略进行系统综述,从药用植物天然产物生物合成途径的推测、天然产物生物合成关键催化酶的发现与预测、酶的表达特征研究、体内酶功能研究、酶催化特征研究、酶结构解析与优化、合成生物学研究这6个方面进行总结,并对未来药用植物天然产物合成途径及关键催化酶的发展趋势进行展望。Natural products derived from medicinal plants are important sources of drug research and development.The traditional researches about natural products from medicinal plants mainly focus on their extraction and purification,chemical structure,biosynthesis and biological function.With the rapid development of genomics,bioinformatics,molecular biology,molecular genetics,synthetic biology and other disciplines and extensive cross integration among them,there are emerging opportunities for the natural products of medicinal plants.This paper systematically summarizes the research strategies of natural products biosynthesis and key enzymes in medicinal plants,included six aspects:speculation of natural products biosynthesis pathway,discovery and prediction of key enzymes in natural product biosynthesis,expression characteristics of enzymes,function of enzymes in vivo,catalytic characteristics of enzymes,analysis and optimization of enzyme structure and synthetic biology studies.Moreover,the trend of research strategies of natural products biosynthesis pathway and key enzymes in medicinal plants are prospected.

关 键 词：药用植物 天然产物 关键催化酶 生物合成途径 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]