瘤胃细菌的分离培养研究进展  

Research Advances in Isolation and Cultivation of Rumen Bacteria

作　　者：严慧 胡文悦 宋晓晴 纪守坤 刘萱 黄卓涵 刘月琴[1] 张英杰[1] YAN Hui;HU Wen-yue;SONG Xiao-qing;JI Shou-kun;LIU Xuan;HUANG Zhuo-han;LIU Yue-qin;ZHANG Ying-jie(College of Animal Science and Technology,Agricultural University of Hebei,Baoding 071000)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物科技学院,保定071000

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2021年第8期294-306,共13页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：河北省教育厅青年基金项目(QN2019134);河北省省属高等学校基本科研项目(KY202016);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0502100);河北农业大学引进人才专项(YJ201846)。

摘　　要：瘤胃微生物的发酵使反刍动物能够有效利用粗纤维等营养物质,瘤胃作为自然界的天然饲料发酵罐,是微生态菌剂开发的重要来源,包括纤维素、木聚糖、脂肪、毒素降解菌、非蛋白氮利用菌、甲烷氧化菌等。然而,瘤胃中大部分的微生物仍不可被培养,人工培养方法和流程的参差不齐限制了瘤胃菌种资源的开发利用。因此,本文基于国内外已有的瘤胃细菌分离研究进展,从分离标准步骤、现有研究现状和改进意见三方面做了综述,旨在为瘤胃功能细菌的分离提供更为全面的技术参考和现状概述。The fermentation of rumen microorganisms enables ruminants to effectively utilize nutrients such as crude fibers.As a natural fermentation tank of feedstuffs,the rumen supplies important resources for the development of microecological agents,including cellulose,xylan,fat and toxin-degrading bacteria,non-protein nitrogen utilization bacteria and methanotrophic bacteria,etc.However,most of the microorganism in the rumen cannot be cultured,and non-standard artificial culture methods and processes further restrict the development and utilization of rumen bacterial resources.Therefore,based on the existing research progress in the isolation of rumen bacteria at home and abroad,this article summarizes the separation standard steps,the current research status and improvement opinions.It aims to provide a more comprehensive technical reference and an overview of the current situation for the separation of rumen functional bacteria.

关 键 词：瘤胃细菌 分离培养 技术方法 

分 类 号：S852.6[农业科学—基础兽医学]