山东一次冬季极端江淮气旋暴雨(雪)的观测分析  

Observation and Analysis of a Winter Extreme Cyclone Rain(Snow)in Jianghuai River in Shandong Province

作　　者：徐文翰 周筠珺[1] 王维佳 XU Wenhan;ZHOU Junjun;WANG Weijia(College of Atmospheric Science,Chengdu University of Information Engineering,Chengdu,Sichuan Province,610225 China;Chengdu Meteorological Bureau,Chengdu,Sichuan Province,611133 China)

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学大气科学学院,四川成都610225 [2]成都市气象局,四川成都611133

出　　处：《科技创新导报》2021年第15期110-113,共4页Science and Technology Innovation Herald

摘　　要：本文利用常规自动站、风廓线雷达、雨滴谱仪、温度廓线仪等综合观测资料及NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,对2016年2月12~13日山东一次罕见暴雨(雪)天气过程进行分析,重点分析了强降水的极端性成因及降水相态变化。结果表明,此次过程是由低槽、低涡切变线、低空急流、江淮气旋等天气系统共同造成的;水汽条件极为有利,来自西南和东南两个方向的低空急流和超低空急流持续输送充沛的水汽,极高的整层可降水量和低层比湿导致罕见强降水产生;对流层中层的西南风风速辐合、低层低涡较强,东北风和东南风切变和地面气旋的东北风与西北风之间的风向风速辐合导致淄博一带产生强上升运动,强降水落区位于最大垂直运动中心值的偏南一侧;对流层低层强冷平流使得边界层内大气温度持续下降,降水性质由雨转雪。Based on the comprehensive observation data of conventional automatic station,wind profiler radar,raindrop spectrometer and temperature profiler and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data,this paper analyzes the weather process of a rare rainstorm(snow)in Shandong from February 12 to 13,2016,focusing on the extreme causes and phase changes of heavy precipitation.The results show that:this process is caused by low trough,low vortex shear line,low-level jet,Jianghuai cyclone and other weather systems.The water vapor conditions are extremely favorable.The low-level jet and ultra-low-level jet from the southwest and Southeast continue to transport abundant water vapor,and the extremely high whole layer precipitable water and low-level specific humidity lead to rare heavy precipitation.The southwest wind speed convergence in the middle troposphere and the low-level vortex are strong.The northeast wind and southeast wind shear and the wind direction and wind speed convergence between the northeast wind and northwest wind of the surface cyclone lead to strong upward movement in Zibo area,and the strong downfall area is located on the south side of the center value of the maximum vertical movement.The strong cold advection in the lower troposphere makes the atmospheric temperature in the boundary layer continue to decline,and the nature of precipitation changes from rain to snow.

关 键 词：极端暴雨(雪) 相态转换 江淮气旋 风廓线雷达 温度廓线仪 

分 类 号：P404[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]