施氮量和移栽密度及其互作对雪茄烟产量及其品质的影响  

Effects of cooperation of nitrogen amount and planting densityon the production and quality of cigar

作　　者：何明昌[1] 刘利平[1] 李继红 王雪松 徐腊 李胜民 谭绍安 王瑞 左梅 HE Ming-chang;LIU Li-ping;LI Ji-hong;WANG Xue-song;XU La;LI Sheng-min;TAN Shao-an;WANG Rui;ZUO Mei(China Tobacco Hubei Industrial Corporation,Yichang 443000,Hubei,China;Enshi Branch of Hubei Provincial Tobacco Company,Enshi 445000,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北中烟工业有限责任公司,湖北宜昌443000 [2]湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司,湖北恩施445000

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2021年第16期117-121,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司自主创新项目(恩州烟叶(2020)36号)。

摘　　要：为探究施氮量和移栽密度及其互作对雪茄烟产量及其品质的影响,选用雪茄烟品种CX-81为研究对象,设置3个不同施氮量水平142.5 kg/hm^(2)(N1)、172.5 kg/hm^(2)(N2)、202.5 kg/hm^(2)(N3),3个不同移栽密度水平18180株/hm^(2)(D1)、20205株/hm^(2)(D2)、22725株/hm^(2)(D3),分析这2个因素对中部叶成熟期烟叶叶绿素、经济性状、晾制后化学成分的影响,对叶绿素与雪茄烟的化学成分指标进行了相关性分析。结果表明,随着移栽密度的增加,叶绿素、总糖、还原糖、糖碱比含量逐渐减小,烟碱、总氮随施氮量的增加而增加,叶绿素、还原糖、总糖则以N2水平最高。中部叶叶绿素含量与总糖、还原糖呈极显著正相关。施氮量与密度主要对雪茄烟的烟碱、总氮、总糖、还原糖、氮碱比、糖碱比存在显著影响,但二者的互作仅对总氮、氮碱比存在显著影响。较高的施氮量能获得较大的单叶重和产量,但影响烟叶的品质。较小的移栽密度对烟叶的品质有利,但影响产量。建议在低密度(D1)种植区域选择施氮量202.5 kg/hm^(2),在中等密度(D2)与高密度种植区域(D3)均宜选择施氮量为172.5 kg/hm^(2)。To explore nitrogen amount and planting density on the production and quality of cigar,and CX-81 was selected as the re⁃search object,the effects of three different nitrogen application levels of 142.5 kg/hm^(2)(N1),172.5 kg/hm^(2)(N2),202.5 kg/hm^(2)(N3),and three densities of 18180 plants/hm^(2)(D1),20205 plants/hm^(2)(D2),22725 plants/hm^(2)(D3)on the contents of chlorophyll,eco⁃nomic characters,chemical components after air-during of cigar were studied.At the same time,the correlations of chlorophyll con⁃tent and the chemical components of cigar were analyzed.The results showed that with the increase of planting density,the contents of chlorophyll,total sugar,reducing sugar and the ratio of total sugar to nicotine decreased gradually,and nicotine and total nitrogen in⁃creased with the increase of nitrogen application,while chlorophyll,reducing sugar and total sugar were the highest in N2 level.The content of chlorophyll in the middle cigar leaves was positively significant correlated with total sugar and reducing sugar.The nitrogen application amount and density had significant difference on nicotine,total nitrogen,total sugar,reducing sugar,nitrogen-alkali ratio and sugar-alkali ratio of cigar,but the interaction of the two just had significant difference on total nitrogen and the ratio of nitrogen to alkali.The higher nitrogen application could obtain a larger single leaf weight and yield,but it affected the quality of tobacco.The smaller planting density was beneficial to the quality of tobacco,but it affected the yield.It was suggested that the nitrogen application amount should be 202.5 kg/hm^(2) in the low density(D1)planting area,and 172.5 kg/hm^(2) should be selected in both D2 and D3 plant⁃ing area.

关 键 词：雪茄烟 施氮量 移栽密度 互作影响 叶绿素 产质量 

分 类 号：TS453[农业科学—烟草工业]