NPK用量及基追养分分配对烟叶产质量的影响研究  

Effects of N, P, K Dosage and Distribution of Basic and Topdressing Nutrients on Yield and Quality of Tobacco Leaves

作　　者：余垚颖[1] 王明富[1] 何佶弦 张启莉 陈利平 蒋豪[3] 顾会战 Yu Yaoying;Wang Mingfu;He Jixian;Zhang Qili;Chen Liping;Jiang Hao;Gu Huizhan(Plant Protection Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 610066;Guangyuan Tobacco Company,Guangyuan Sichuan 628000;Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所,成都610066 [2]四川省烟草公司广元市公司,四川广元628000 [3]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都610041

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2021年第23期52-60,共9页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：四川省烟草公司广元市公司科技项目“广元烤烟营养均衡调控技术研究及应用”(川烟科【2018】2号)。

摘　　要：为了提升烟叶产质量,明确石灰性紫色土烤烟营养均衡的施肥体系,2018—2019年,采用大田正交试验的方式,研究氮磷钾(NPK)不同用量及NK基追不同配比对农艺性状、产量、化学指标等的影响。试验结果表明:(1)NPK施用量对烤烟农艺性状有显著影响,N对SPAD和化学成份有显著影响,N和P对产量有显著影响,且产量与N施用量成正相关;(2)N_(2)P_(3)K_(2)(97.5、150、315 kg/hm^(2))为广元烤烟种植的最佳施肥组合;(3)氮肥前移,钾肥后移的施肥方式更用利于提高烟叶内在质量。广元烤烟栽培营养均衡施肥体系:N、P_(2)O_(5)、K_(2)O施用量分别为97.5、150、315 kg/hm^(2),氮、钾基肥与追肥养分分配比:N_(基:追)=7:3、K_(基:追)=3:7。To improve the quality of tobacco leaves and clarify a nutritionally balanced fertilization system in flue-cured tobacco on lime purple soil, in 2018-2019, a field orthogonal experiment was carried out to study the effects of different dosage of NPK and the different proportion of NK on the agronomic characters, yield and chemical index of the tobacco. The results showed that:(1) NPK application rate had significant effect on agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco, N had significant effect on SPAD and chemical composition, N and P had significant effect on yield, and the yield was positively correlated with N application rate;(2) N_(2)P_(3)K_(2)(97.5,150 and 315 kg/hm^(2)) was the best fertilization combination for Guangyuan flue-cured tobacco;(3) the application of nitrogen fertilizer forward and potassium fertilizer backward was more conducive to improving the internal quality of tobacco leaves. Balanced fertilization system of flue-cured tobacco cultivation in Guangyuan is NPK application rate of 97.5, 150 and 315 kg/hm^(2), respectively, and the nutrient allocation ratio of NK base fertilizer and top dressing fertilizer is N_(base: topdressing)= 7:3, K_(base: topdressing)= 3:7.

关 键 词：烤烟 基肥 追肥 养分分配比例 烟叶产质量 

分 类 号：S147[农业科学—肥料学]